Redis初步使用

Redis

---

• Redis定位是缓存，提高数据读写速度，减轻对数据库存储与访问压力
• Redis 不建议存储敏感数据

Docker 创建Redis容器

docker run \
--restart always \
--log-opt max-size=100m \
--log-opt max-file=2 \
-p 6379:6379 \
--name redis \
-v /redis/myredis/myredis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf \
-v /redis/myredis/data:/data \
-d redis redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf \
--appendonly yes \
--requirepass 123

简易设置

docker run -d --restart always --name redis -p 6379:6379 redis:latest --requirepass 123

Redis数据类型

常用：string(字符串),hash(哈希),list(列表),set(集合),zset(sorted set:有序集合)
不常用: HyperLogLog,Bitmap(位图),Bloom Filter(布隆过滤器),Geospatial(地理位置),Module(模块),Stream(流)

• string指令

• 应用场景

1. 自增
2. 登录session共享

---

• hash指令

• 应用场景

1. 共享session

---

• list指令
  

应用场景

1. 用户文章收藏列表

---

• set指令（无序）

• 应用场景

1. 去重
2. 抽奖

---

• Sorted set指令（有序）

• 应用场景

1. 排行榜

---

Value设计

考虑方式：

• 是否需要排序？需要则使用Sorted set
• 缓存数据是单个值还是多个值
• 多个值：允许重复选List，不允许重复的Set
• 单个值：简单值选择string，对象值选择hash

Key的设计

• 唯一性
• 可读性
• 灵活性
• 时效性

Redis持久化机制

1. 快照方式(RDB, Redis DataBase)
2. 文件追加方式(AOF, Append Only File)
3. 混合持久化方式(混合使用RDB和AOF)

SpringBoot整合Redis

---

创建项目

• 创建maven空项目,添加boot版本

  <!-- boot版本 -->
  <parent>
  	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  	<version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>
  

添加依赖

  	<!-- web -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  	</dependency>
  	<!-- Redis依赖 -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
  	</dependency>
  	<!-- 通用池 -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
  		<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
  	</dependency>
  	<!-- mysql -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>mysql</groupId>
  		<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  	</dependency>
  	<!-- mybatis -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
  		<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  		<version>2.1.3</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<!-- 通用mapper -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
  		<artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  		<version>2.1.5</version>
  	</dependency>
  	
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  		<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  	</dependency>
  	
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    

配置

• 创建application.yml

# 端口、mysql数据源、redis、mybatis、log

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC

    
  redis:
    host: 192.168.150.128
    port: 6379
    password: 123
    timeout: 1000
    jedis:
      pool:
        min-idle: 5
        max-idle: 10
        max-wait: -1
         
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.company.redisDemo.entity
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true    

业务实现

reids简单实现

创建

@SpringBootApplication
public class RedisDemoApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(RedisDemoApplication.class);
	}
}

@RestController
public class RedisController {

	@Autowired
	private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
	
	@GetMapping("/redis/get/{key}")
	public Object get(@PathVariable("key") String key) {
		return redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
	}
	@PostMapping("redis/set/{key}/{value}")
	public Object set(@PathVariable("key")String key,@PathVariable("value")String value) {
		redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
		return "set success";
	}
}

• 自定义序列化，创建RedisConfig

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

	@Bean
	public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory){
		RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate=new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
		redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
		
		//指定kv序列化方式
		Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jsonRedisSerializer=new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
		//redisTemplate.setDefaultSerializer(jsonRedisSerializer);
		redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jsonRedisSerializer);
		redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
		return redisTemplate;
	}
}

结合mybatis

• 新建数据库表sql

CREATE TABLE emp (
 id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
 name VARCHAR(100),
 age INT
);

• 创建实体类

@Data
@Table(name = "emp")
public class Emp implements Serializable {
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
}

• 创建mapper接口

public interface EmpMapper extends Mapper<Emp> {

}

• 创建service接口

public interface EmpService {
	public void addEmp(Emp emp);
	public Emp getEmpById(Integer id);

}

• 创建serviceimpl实现类

@Service
public class EmpServiceImpl implements EmpService{

	@Resource
	private EmpMapper empMapper;
	
	public void addEmp(Emp emp) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		empMapper.insert(emp);
		
	}

	public Emp getEmpById(Integer id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return empMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
	}
	
}

• redis结合mybatis

@Service
public class EmpServiceImpl implements EmpService{

	@Resource
	private EmpMapper empMapper;
	
	@Autowired
	private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
	
	
	public void addEmp(Emp emp) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		empMapper.insert(emp);
		
	}

	public Object getEmpById(Integer id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//先从缓存查询数据，如果有则直接返回
		//如果无则查询mysql，并将数据设置到缓存
		String key= "user:"+id;
		Object userObj=redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
		if(userObj==null) {
			synchronized (this.getClass()) { //同步代码块，防止高并发时多次访问数据库
				userObj=redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
				if(userObj==null) {
					System.out.println("----->查询数据库");
					Emp emp=empMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
					redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, emp);
					return emp;
				}else {
					System.out.println("----->查询缓存(同步代码块)");
					return userObj;
				}
			}
		}
		System.out.println("----->查询缓存");
		return userObj;
		
	}
	
}

• 在EmpController添加方法做测试

	@GetMapping("/empp/{id}")
	public Object getEmpByIdT(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
		ExecutorService eService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(200);
		for(int i=0;i<500;i++) {
			eService.submit(new Runnable() {
				
				public void run() {
					// TODO Auto-generated method stub
					empService.getEmpById(id);
				}
			});
		}
		
		return empService.getEmpById(id);
	}