MySQL utf8mb4字符集：支持emoji表情符号

MySQL utf8mb4字符集：支持emoji表情符号

 ㈠ 序言

    为了应对无线互联网的机遇和挑战、避免 emoji 表情符号带来的问题、
    涉及无线相关的 MySQL 数据库建议都提前采用 utf8mb4 字符集
    这必须要作为移动互联网行业的一个技术选型的要点

 ㈡ 限制

    需要 >= MySQL 5.5.3版本、从库也必须是5.5的了、低版本不支持这个字符集、复制报错

 ㈢ 简要步骤

    以下是一个未升级到 5.5.3 的配置步骤：

    ① 备份数据库
    ② 升级 MySQL Server 到 v5.5.3+
    ③ 修改 database、table和column字符集

[plain] 
<pre name="code" class="plain"></pre># For each database:ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_unicode_ci;# For each table:ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;# For each column:ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(191) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;# (Don’t blindly copy-paste this! The exact statement depends on the column type, maximum length, and other properties. The above line is just an example for a `VARCHAR` column.)  
   
   
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    ④ 修改 my.cnf

[plain] 
[client]  
default-character-set = utf8mb4  

[mysql]  
default-character-set = utf8mb4  

[mysqld]  
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE  
character-set-server = utf8mb4  
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci  
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'  
   
   
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    ⑤ 重启 MySQL Server、检查字符集

[plain] 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';  
+--------------------------+--------------------+  
| Variable_name            | Value              |  
+--------------------------+--------------------+  
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4            |  
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |  
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4            |  
| character_set_filesystem | binary             |  
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4            |  
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4            |  
| character_set_system     | utf8               |  
| collation_connection     | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |  
| collation_database       | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |  
| collation_server         | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |  
+--------------------------+--------------------+  
 rows in set (0.00 sec)  
   
   
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