【知了堂学习笔记】——网络编程

网络编程

1.网络编程的概念

• 程序1—程序2的连接

2.网络编程和网站编程的区别
login.jsp——–网络协议——-tomcat——–loginServlet

• 网络协议
  
  • 7层模型
  • 4层模型

TCP:传输控制协议，可靠连接
UDP:不可靠连接
IP:网络协议，提供了唯一的IP地址

网络编程
程序1连到程序2，程序1有一个ip，程序2有一个ip
3.端口

• 程序在机器上的地址

4.套接字

• 套接字=ip+端口

5.网络编程的实现

• 程序A通过java.net包获得IP+端口号发送给程序B，程序B可以获取到程序A的IP+端口号

  客户端：
  指定要连接的套接字，通过java实现网络编程的类发送请求
  服务器端：（ServerSoket（监听请求）/Socket(处理请求)）
  一直打开监听，是否有客户端的请求到来
  如果有请求到来回启动一个新的去处理请求
  服务器端的套接字都是成对的，一个接听请求，一个处理请求

本质：对流的处理

登录案例

user实体类

package domin;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{
    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private Integer id ;
    private String name;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public User(Integer id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }
    public User() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

}

服务端发送请求，并获取服务器端返回结果

package client;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import domin.User;

/**
 * 界面----service----dao
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class LoginClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",5000);
        //界面得到的数据
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("test");
        //发送user到服务器
        ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
        out.writeObject(user);
        out.flush();
        //接收服务器的结果
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        String msg = br.readLine();

        System.out.println("登录结果是："+msg);
        br.close();
    }
}

服务器端接收客户端的请求，并返回请求结果

package server;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import domin.User;

public class LoginServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        //侦听
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(5000);
        while(true){
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            //验证登录：得到客户端的User对象
            ObjectInputStream inputStream = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
            User user = (User) inputStream.readObject();
            String msg = "登录失败";
            if("test".equals(user.getName())){
                msg="登录成功";
            }

            PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
            printWriter.println(msg);
            printWriter.close();
        }

    }

}

文件上传案例

发送文件到服务器端，并接受服务器返回结果

package client;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client_2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",5000);
        //发送文件到服务器端
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        //读取文件后再进行各发送
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("F:\\file\\1.txt"));
        String line = "";
        while((line = br.readLine())!= null){
            writer.write(line);
        }
        br.close();
        writer.flush();
        socket.shutdownOutput();


        //接收服务器端的消息是否上传成功

        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        String msg = in.readLine();     
        System.out.println("是否长传成功？"+msg);

        in.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务器读取文件

package server;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class Server_2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {

        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(5000);
        while (true) {
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            //接收服务器端上传的文件放置到服务器目录下
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            //接收网络流后再写入文件
            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
            String line = "";
            while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
                writer.write(line);
            }
            writer.close();
            //给服务器端发送信息上传成功

            PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
            String msg = "上传成功";
            pw.println(msg);
            pw.close();

        }
    }
}