Spring DI依赖注入

1.构造器注入
        如果只有一个有参数的构造方法并且参数类型与注入的bean的类型匹配，那就会注入到该构造方法中。要求类里要有有参构造。每个构造参数就是一个依赖项 详见下文中：使用有参数构造创建对象

Spring IOC创建对象的方式_张志明(努力奋斗版)的博客-CSDN博客1.默认使用无参构造器创建对象 tips:要求实体类中不显示写出构造函数 或者 写出缺省的构造函数.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocati...https://blog.csdn.net/TIANJIAWEN/article/details/124794391?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
2.set方式注入
        在xml配置文件中写入，然后在set方法中注入，要求类里依赖项要有set方法 要求实体类中不显示写出构造函数 或者 写出缺省的构造函数
        set方式依赖注入:
                依赖:bean对象的创建依赖于容器
                注入:bean对象中的所有实行 由容器来注入

xml配置 常见的8种类型

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="com.kero.pojo.Address"/>
    
    <bean id="student" class="com.kero.pojo.Student">
<!--        第一种 普通注入 value-->
        <property name="name" value="kk"/>
        <!--        第二种 Bean注入 ref-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>
        <!--        第三种数组 -->
        <property name="book" >
            <array>
<!--                上面两种也能分开写 只不过那样写比较简便-->
                <value>哈利波特1</value>
                <value>哈利波特2</value>
                <value>哈利波特3</value>
                <value>哈利波特4</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!--        第4种list-->
        <property name="hobbys" >
            <list>
                <value>打篮球1</value>
                <value>打篮球2</value>
                <value>打篮球3</value>
                <value>打篮球4</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <!--        第5种map-->
        <property name="card" >
            <map>
                <entry key="身份证" value="12332423534"/>
                <entry key="银行卡" value="SDGFJ34"/>
            </map>
        </property>


        <!--        第6种set-->
        <property name="games" >
            <set>
                <value>ow1</value>
                <value>ow2</value>
            </set>
        </property>

        <!--        第7种null-->
        <property name="wife" >
            <null/>
        </property>

        <!--        第8种properties-->
        <property name="info" >
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">65684</prop>
                <prop key="性别">男</prop>
                <prop key="driver">65684</prop>
                <prop key="url">45456456</prop>
                <prop key="password">65634584</prop>
                <prop key="username">东方红东方红</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        

    </bean>

</beans>

Student/Address.java

import java.util.*;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String []book;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private Set<String> games;
    private Properties info;
    private String wife;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String[] getBook() {
        return book;
    }

    public void setBook(String[] book) {
        this.book = book;
    }

    public List<String> getHobbys() {
        return hobbys;
    }

    public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
        this.hobbys = hobbys;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getCard() {
        return card;
    }

    public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
        this.card = card;
    }

    public Set<String> getGames() {
        return games;
    }

    public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
        this.games = games;
    }

    public Properties getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(Properties info) {
        this.info = info;
    }

    public String getWife() {
        return wife;
    }

    public void setWife(String wife) {
        this.wife = wife;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address=" + address +
                ", book=" + Arrays.toString(book) +
                ", hobbys=" + hobbys +
                ", card=" + card +
                ", games=" + games +
                ", info=" + info +
                ", wife='" + wife + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}



public class Address {
    private String address;

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

test.java

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classPathXmlApplicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        Student student = (Student) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student.toString());

    }
}

输出结果:

Student{name='kk', address=Address{address='scnu'}, book=[哈利波特1, 哈利波特2, 哈利波特3, 哈利波特4], hobbys=[打篮球1, 打篮球2, 打篮球3, 打篮球4], card={身份证=12332423534, 银行卡=SDGFJ34}, games=[ow1, ow2], info={password=65634584, driver=65684, 学号=65684, url=45456456, username=东方红东方红, 性别=男}, wife='null'}

3.拓展方式注入
        p命名空间注入 可以直接注入属性的值 需要隐式或者显示声明无参构造器
        需要导入 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

<bean id="user" class="com.kero.pojo.User" p:name="zhangke" p:age="21"/>

      c命名空间注入 可以通过构造器注入属性的值 需要显示声明有参构造器
        需要导入 xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"

 <bean id="user" class="com.kero.pojo.User" c:name="zzzz"  c:age="2"/>