单播，组播，广播

UDP的三种通信方式：

①单播：1对1

②组播：

组播地址：224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255

其中224.0.0.0~224.0.0.255为预留的组播地址

③广播

广播地址：255.255.255.255

组播代码演示：

发送端：

package a08udpdemo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class SendMessageDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //之前写的都是单播
        //接下来写组播
        //组播发送端代码
        //创建MulticastSocket对象
        MulticastSocket ms=new MulticastSocket();
        //创建DatagramPacket对象
        String s="鹿晗真帅";
        byte[] bytes=s.getBytes();
        InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.1");
        int port=10000;
        DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length,address,port);
        //调用MulticastSocket发送数据方法发送数据
        ms.send(dp);
        //释放资源
        ms.close();
    }
}

接收端1：

package a08udpdemo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class ReceiveMessageDemo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建MulticastSocket对象
        MulticastSocket ms=new MulticastSocket(10000);
        //2.将当前本机添加到224.0.0.1这一组当中
        InetAddress address=InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.1");
        ms.joinGroup(address);
        //3.创建DatagramPacket数据包对象
        byte[] bytes=new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length);
        //4.接收数据
        ms.receive(dp);
        //5.解析数据
        byte[] data = dp.getData();
        int len = dp.getLength();
        String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
        String name = dp.getAddress().getHostName();
        System.out.println("ip为："+ip+",主机名为："+name+"的人，发送了数据："+new String(data,0,len));
        //6.释放资源
        ms.close();
    }
}

接收端2：

package a08udpdemo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class ReceiveMessageDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建MulticastSocket对象
        MulticastSocket ms=new MulticastSocket(10000);
        //2.将当前本机添加到224.0.0.1这一组当中
        InetAddress address=InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.1");
        ms.joinGroup(address);
        //3.创建DatagramPacket数据包对象
        byte[] bytes=new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length);
        //4.接收数据
        ms.receive(dp);
        //5.解析数据
        byte[] data = dp.getData();
        int len = dp.getLength();
        String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
        String name = dp.getAddress().getHostName();
        System.out.println("ip为："+ip+",主机名为："+name+"的人，发送了数据："+new String(data,0,len));
        //6.释放资源
        ms.close();
    }
}

接收端3：

package a08udpdemo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class ReceiveMessageDemo3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建MulticastSocket对象
        MulticastSocket ms=new MulticastSocket(10000);
        //2.将当前本机添加到224.0.0.1这一组当中
        InetAddress address=InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.1");
        ms.joinGroup(address);
        //3.创建DatagramPacket数据包对象
        byte[] bytes=new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length);
        //4.接收数据
        ms.receive(dp);
        //5.解析数据
        byte[] data = dp.getData();
        int len = dp.getLength();
        String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
        String name = dp.getAddress().getHostName();
        System.out.println("ip为："+ip+",主机名为："+name+"的人，发送了数据："+new String(data,0,len));
        //6.释放资源
        ms.close();
    }
}

运行结果：先运行三个接收端，再运行发送端

广播只需要将组播的发送端的代码改为255.255.255.255就可以了