收集参数
把没有位置,不能和定义是的参数位置相对应的参数,放到一个特定的数据结构中
def stu ( * args) :
pass
stu = ( "asd" , 12 , "阿瑟东" )
stu = ( "qwe" )
def stu ( ** kwargs) :
print ( "自我介绍" )
for i, j in kwargs. items( ) :
print ( i, "---" , j)
stu( name = "tanxiaonan" , age = 24 , work = "student" )
自我介绍
name --- tanxiaonan
age --- 24
work --- student
双层列表循环
a = ( [ 1 , 2 ] , [ "q" , 2 ] , [ "qw" , "as" ] )
for i, j in a:
print ( i, "----" , j)
b = ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 5 ] )
for s in b:
print ( s)
1 ---- 2
q ---- 2
qw ---- as
1
2
3
4
5
5
a = [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]
a. append( 100 )
print ( a)
a. insert( 4 , 99 )
print ( a)
a. pop( )
print ( a)
a. reverse( )
print ( a)
b = [ 7 , 78 , 9 ]
a. extend( b)
print ( a)
print ( a. count( 78 ) )
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 100]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 99, 5, 100]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 99, 5]
[5, 99, 4, 3, 2, 1]
[5, 99, 4, 3, 2, 1, 7, 78, 9]
1
a= [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]
b= a
b[ 2 ] = 4
print ( a)
print ( b)
print ( "*" * 20 )
c= [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]
d = c. copy( )
d[ 0 ] = 5
print ( c)
print ( d)
a1= [ 1 , 2 , 3 , [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] ]
b1= a1. copy( )
b1[ 3 ] [ 2 ] = 10
print ( a1)
print ( b1)
print ( "*" * 20 )
print ( a+ b)
[1, 2, 4, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 4, 4, 5]
********************
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[5, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, [1, 2, 10]]
[1, 2, 3, [1, 2, 10]]
********************
[1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5]
a2= [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]
print ( a2* 3 )
a3 = ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 )
print ( a3* 2 )
[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]
(1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4)
a = [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 ]
b= tuple ( a)
print ( type ( b) )
c = set ( a)
print ( type ( c) )
print ( a, "/n" , b, '/n' , c)
c. add( 100 )
print ( c)
<class 'tuple'>
<class 'set'>
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1] /n (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1) /n {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 100}
集合的加减是叫交集和并集的形式
比如两个集合a,b intersection 交集 difference 差集 可以直接用 a - b union 并集 issubset 是否为子集 issuperset 是否为超集
a1= { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 }
b1= { 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 }
print ( a1. intersection( b1) )
print ( a1. difference( b1) )
print ( a1- b1)
print ( a1. union( b1) )
{4, 5, 6}
{1, 2, 3}
{1, 2, 3}
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
在集合的后面添加元素用的是add
在列表的后面添加元素用的是append
元组不可以修改元素