BGP路由的选路综合实验

雨凝121328

已于 2023-12-04 19:34:21 修改

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文章标签： java 服务器网络

于 2023-11-27 14:08:59 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/TYM121380/article/details/134641812

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在这里插入图片描述

题目要求

1.使用PreVal策略，确保R1通过R3到达192.168.10.0/24
2.使用AS_Path策略，确保R1通过R3到达192.168.11.0/24
3.配置MED策略，确保R1通过R3到达192.168.12.0/24
4.使用Local Preference策略，确保R4通过R2到达192.168.1.0/24
5.使用Local Preference策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.2.0/24
6.配置负载均衡，确保R4通过R2和R3到达192.168.3.0/24
7.使用As策略，AS 500 不接受任何始发于As 123 的路由
8.使用自定义Community策略，确保192.168.3.0/24路由不会被发布到As 500
9.IBGP使用环回接口建邻，EBGP使用物理接口建邻
10.修改As 123 中的用户网段为Broadcast，方便后续在BGP中宣告
11.BGP宣告路由时，仅宣告24网段的用户路由

配置内容

R1:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 13.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack2
 ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 
#
bgp 400 ----使用本地AS号启用BGP协议
 router-id 1.1.1.1 ----配置RID，全网唯一
 peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 123 ----指定去往邻居的下一跳地址，并指定其所在AS号
 peer 13.0.0.2 as-number 123 
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.1.0 ----在BGP协议内宣告网段，使其对等体学习到相关路由
  network 192.168.2.0 
  network 192.168.3.0 route-policy community ----在宣告该网段时使用路由策略
  peer 12.0.0.2 enable ----可正常接收和发送路由信息给邻居
  peer 12.0.0.2 route-policy as import ----指定其邻居，在本地设备的入接口处调用路由策略
  peer 12.0.0.2 advertise-community ----指定其邻居，开启团体属性的传递功能
  peer 13.0.0.2 enable
  peer 13.0.0.2 route-policy pv import
  peer 13.0.0.2 advertise-community
#
route-policy pv permit node 10 ----一个名为 pv 的路由策略，大动作为允许，其节点编号为 10
 if-match ip-prefix pv ----条件语句：如果匹配上前缀列表pv，则调用此路由策略
 apply preferred-value 66 ----如果匹配上条件语句，则修改其preferred-value属性值为 66
#
route-policy pv permit node 20 ----在路由策略的末尾配置：允许放通所有的流量
#
route-policy as permit node 10 
 if-match ip-prefix as 
 apply as-path 33 additive
#
route-policy as permit node 20 
#
route-policy med permit node 10 
 if-match ip-prefix med 
 apply cost 10 
#
route-policy med permit node 20 
#
route-policy community permit node 10 
 apply community 400:333 ----修改其团体属性标签为 400:333
#
ip ip-prefix pv index 10 permit 192.168.10.0 24
ip ip-prefix as index 10 permit 192.168.11.0 24
ip ip-prefix med index 10 permit 192.168.12.0 24


R2:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 24.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast ----在OSPF协议中，修改其接口类型为 broadcast 类型
#
bgp 123
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 123 
 peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0 ----指定其邻居，并修改建立TCP连接的IP地址为本地环回接口 0
 peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 400 
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.20.0 
  peer 4.4.4.4 enable
  peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local ----传递路由信息时，将传递的路由信息内的下一跳地址修改为本地（仅在IBGP内修改，因为AS-BY-AS的原因）
  peer 4.4.4.4 advertise-community
  peer 12.0.0.1 enable
  peer 12.0.0.1 route-policy med export
#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 ----启用OSPF协议，并指定其路由器RID，全域唯一
 area 0.0.0.0 ----指定其路由器所在区域
  network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 ----宣告其IP地址（使用精准宣告）
  network 24.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 ----宣告其IP地址（使用范围宣告）
#
route-policy med permit node 10 
 if-match ip-prefix med 
 apply cost 10 
#
route-policy med permit node 20 
#
ip ip-prefix med index 10 permit 192.168.12.0 24


R3:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 13.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 34.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
bgp 123
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 123 
 peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
 peer 13.0.0.1 as-number 400 
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.30.0 
  peer 4.4.4.4 enable
  peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local 
  peer 4.4.4.4 advertise-community
  peer 13.0.0.1 enable
#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 34.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 


R4:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 24.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 34.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 45.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
bgp 123
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 123 
 peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
 peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 123 
 peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
 peer 45.0.0.2 as-number 500 
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.100.0 
  maximum load-balancing 2 ----修改其负载分担的默认条目为2（默认值为1，所有在BGP内默认不存在负载分担的情况）
  peer 2.2.2.2 enable
  peer 2.2.2.2 route-policy lp1 import
  peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local 
  peer 3.3.3.3 enable
  peer 3.3.3.3 route-policy lp2 import
  peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local 
  peer 45.0.0.2 enable
  peer 45.0.0.2 advertise-community
#
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 
  network 24.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 34.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 
#
route-policy lp1 permit node 10 
 if-match ip-prefix lp1 
 apply local-preference 200 
#
route-policy lp1 permit node 20 
#
route-policy lp2 permit node 10 
 if-match ip-prefix lp2 
 apply local-preference 200 
#
route-policy lp2 permit node 20 
#
ip ip-prefix lp1 index 10 permit 192.168.1.0 24
ip ip-prefix lp2 index 10 permit 192.168.2.0 24


R5:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 45.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack2
 ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0 
#
bgp 500
 router-id 5.5.5.5
 peer 45.0.0.1 as-number 123 
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.10.0 
  network 192.168.11.0 
  network 192.168.12.0 
  peer 45.0.0.1 enable
  peer 45.0.0.1 as-path-filter 1 import ----指定其邻居，在本地设备的入接口处调用AS路径过滤器 1
  peer 45.0.0.1 route-policy com import
#
route-policy com deny node 10 ----一个名为com的路由策略，大动作为拒绝，其节点编号为 10
 if-match community-filter 1 
#
route-policy com permit node 20 
#
ip as-path-filter 1 deny _123$ ----创建一个AS路径过滤器 1，其拒绝的流量为：路由条目最右边的数字为 123 的条目
ip as-path-filter 1 permit .* ----在同一个AS路径过滤器的末尾创建一个放通所有流量的规则（AS路径过滤器末尾隐含拒绝所有流量）
#
ip community-filter 1 permit 400:333 ----创建一个团体属性过滤器 1，其允许通过的流量为：团体属性标签为 400:333 的路由条目