BGP选路实验

实验报告

一、拓扑信息

二、实验要求

1、使用Preva1策略，确保R4通过R2到达192.168.10.0/24
2、使用AS_Path策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.11.0/24
3、配置MED策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.12.0/24
4、使用Local Preference策略，确保R1通过R2到达192.168.1.0/24
5、使用Local Preference策略，确保R1通过R3到达192.168.2.0/24
6、配置需负载均衡，确保R1通过R2和R3到达192.168.3.0/24
7、使用As策略，As 500不接受任何始发于AS 123的路由
8、使用自定义community策略，确保192.168.3.0/24路由不会被发布到AS 500
9、IBGP使用环回接口建邻，EBGP使用物理接口建邻
10、修改AS 123中的用户网段为Broadcast，方便后续再BGP中宣告
11、BGP宣告路由时，仅宣告24网段的用户路由

三、实验思路

1、完成基本配置，修改接口类型。

2、宣告路由

3、路由策略

四、实验过程

1、完成基本配置，修改接口类型。

配置IP后，进行接口类型的修改

R1-3的环回接口（R1为例）
[r1-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r1-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 

建立BGP环境

首先建立搭建内网路由OSPF

然后建立IBGP对等体

[r1]bgp 123
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 123
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface l 0
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as 123
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 con l 0
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[r1-bgp]peer 15.0.0.5 as 500

[r2]bgp 123
[r2-bgp]rou 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as 123
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 con l 0
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local

[R3]bgp 123
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp]peer 34.0.0.1 as 400
[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as 123
[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 con l0
[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local

[R4]bgp 400
[R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-bgp]peer 24.0.0.2 as 123
[R4-bgp]peer 34.0.0.3 as 123

[r5]bgp 500
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]peer 15.0.0.1 as 123

查看bgp邻居情况

2、宣告路由

[r1]bgp 123
[r1-bgp]net 192.168.100.0 24

[r2]bgp 123
[r2-bgp]net 192.168.20.0 24

[r3]bgp 123
[r3-bgp]net 192.168.30.0 24

[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]net 192.168.1.0 24
[r4-bgp]net 192.168.2.0 24
[r4-bgp]net 192.168.3.0 24

[r5]bgp 500
[r5-bgp]net 192.168.10.0 24
[r5-bgp]net 192.168.11.0 24
[r5-bgp]net 192.168.12.0 24

查看路由表

3、路由策略

通过学习路由表，使用策略

1）使用PreVa1策略，确保R4通过R2到达192.168.10.0/24

[R4]ip ip-p	
[R4]ip ip-prefix pv permit 192.168.10.0 24
[R4]route-policy pv permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix pv
[R4-route-policy]apply preferred-value 100
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]route-policy pv permit node 100
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]bgp 400
[R4-bgp]peer 24.0.0.2 route-policy pv import

2） 使用AS_Path策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.11.0/24

[R4]ip ip-prefix ap permit 192.168.11.0 24
[R4]route-policy pv permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix ap
[R4-route-policy]apply as-path 123 additive

3）配置MED策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.12.0/24

[R4]ip ip-prefix med permit 192.168.12.0 24
[R4]route-policy pv permit node 30
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix med
[R4-route-policy]apply cost 20

配置完后，查看此时R1的bgp路由表

4）使用Local Preference策略，确保R1通过R2到达192.168.1.0/24

[R1]ip ip-prefix lp1 permit 192.168.1.0 24
[R1]route-policy lp1 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix lp1
[R1-route-policy]apply local-preference 200
[R1-route-policy]q
[R1]route-policy lp1 permit node 100
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R1-route-policy]q
[R1]bgp 123
[R1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 route-policy lp1 import

5）使用Local Preference策略，确保R1通过R3到达192.168.2.0/24

[R1]ip ip-prefix lp2 permit 192.168.2.0 24
[R1]route-policy lp2 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix lp2
[R1-route-policy]apply local-preference 200
[R1-route-policy]q
[R1]route-policy lp2 permit node 100
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R1-route-policy]q
[R1]bgp 123
[R1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 route-policy lp2 import

6）配置负载均衡，确保R1通过R2和R3到达192.168.3.0/24

[R1]bgp 123
[R1-bgp]maximum load-balancing 2

7）使用As策略，AS 500不接受任何始发于AS 123的路由

[R5]ip as-path-filter 1 deny _123$
[R5]ip as-path-filter 1 permit .*
[R5]bgp 500
[R5-bgp]peer 15.0.0.1 as-path-filter 1 import

8）使用自定义Community策略，确保192.168.3.0/24路由不会被发布到AS 500

[R4]route-policy com-1 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]apply community 400:111    //设定策略，定义社团属性标记
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]bgp 400
[R4-bgp]net 192.168.3.0 24 route-policy com-1    //在发布路由时调用策略

[R4-bgp]peer 24.0.0.2 advertise-community    //开启社团属性传播功能
[R4-bgp]peer 34.0.0.2 advertise-community

[R2]bgp 123
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 advertise-community

[R3]bgp 123
[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 advertise-community

[R2]ip community-filter 1 permit 400:111    //抓取流量
[R2]route-policy com permit node 10        //做策略
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]if-match community-filter 1
[R2-route-policy]apply community no-export additive
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]route-policy com permit node 100
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]q

[R3]ip community-filter 1 permit 400:111    //抓取流量
[R3]route-policy com permit node 10        //做策略
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R3-route-policy]if-match community-filter 1
[R3-route-policy]apply community no-export additive
[R3-route-policy]q
[R3]route-policy com permit node 100
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R3-route-policy]q

[R2]bgp 123                                 //调用策略
[R2-bgp]peer 24.0.0.1 route-policy com import

[R3]bgp 123                                //调用策略
[R3-bgp]peer 34.0.0.1 route-policy com import

查看R1、2、3、5的bgp路由表，是否成功

在R1上详细查看

有no-export，实验成功！