Django执行原生的SQL语句

1.  extra

                   

 Entry.objects.extra(select={'new_id': "select col from sometable where othercol > %s"}, select_params=(1,))
                    
                    Entry.objects.extra(where=['headline=%s'], params=['Lennon'])
                    
                    Entry.objects.extra(where=["foo='a' OR bar = 'a'", "baz = 'a'"])
                    
                    Entry.objects.extra(select={'new_id': "select id from tb where id > %s"}, select_params=(1,), order_by=['-nid'])

 

2.raw
                

# 执行原生SQL
                models.UserInfo.objects.raw('select * from userinfo')

                # 如果SQL是其他表时，必须将名字设置为当前UserInfo对象的主键列名
                models.UserInfo.objects.raw('select id as nid from 其他表')

                # 为原生SQL设置参数
                models.UserInfo.objects.raw('select id as nid from userinfo where nid>%s', params=[12,])
                
                name_map = {'first': 'first_name', 'last': 'last_name', 'bd': 'birth_date', 'pk': 'id'}
                Person.objects.raw('SELECT * FROM some_other_table', translations=name_map)

 3.原生SQL
                
                

from django.db import connection, connections
                cursor = connection.cursor()  # cursor = connections['default'].cursor()
                cursor.execute("""SELECT * from auth_user where id = %s""", [1])
                row = cursor.fetchone() # fetchall()/fetchmany(..)
            PS: 选择数据库
                queryset = models.Course.objects.using('default').all()