SpringMvc(二 环境的搭建 未完待更新)

SpringMvc环境搭建

1 开发环境的需求

idea + jdk1.7↑ + maven + jetty
Eclipse + jdk1.7↑ + maven + jetty

2 新建 maven webApp

3 搭建springmvc环境 jar包依赖
在pom.xml配置文件中加入依赖:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.shsxt </groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc01 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring web -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring mvc -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- web servlet -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <!-- jetty 插件 -->
  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc01</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>6.1.25</version>
        <configuration>
          <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
          <contextPath>/springmvc01</contextPath>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

4 配置 web.xml (前端控制器配置)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

  <!-- 表示容器启动时 加载上下文配置  这里指定spring 相关配置 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- 启用spring容器环境上下文监听 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 编码过滤 utf-8 -->
  <filter>
    <description>char encoding filter</description>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- servlet请求分发器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:servlet-context.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
    <!-- 这是拦截请求, /代表拦截所有请求 -->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5 在resources中添加springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 扫描com.shsxt.controller 下包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shsxt.controller" />
    <!-- mvc 请求映射 处理器与适配器配置-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--配置视图解析器  默认的视图解析器- -->
    <bean id="defaultViewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

6 在WEB-INF文件夹下创建名为jsp的文件夹，用来存放jsp视图。创建一个hello.jsp(视图页面)

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 陈明
  Date: 2019/6/1
  Time: 16:24
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>Hello Springmvc</h3>
        <%--接受参数值--%>
        a:${a};
</body>
</html>

7 编写Controller层(页面控制器) 编码

package com.shsxt.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * Created by 陈明 on 2019/6/1.
 * 采用注解的方式
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("hello")//可有可无 只是多了一层地址 方便辨识
public class controller {

    @RequestMapping("hello") //相当于一个Servlet  对外访问地址  /hello
    public String hello(){

        return "hello";  //响应页面为hello名字的的jsp文件
    }

8 启动服务器，浏览器地址输入 http://localhost:8080/项目名/hello/hello

效果如下:

不用管a 你们一开始也不用写 后面用到在写,一开始在hello.jsp中就不许需要写的

9 SpringMvc 注解特性

1.@Controller 控制器定义 :

通过@controller标注即可将class定义为一个controller类。
为使spring能找到定义为controller的bean,需要在spring-context配置文件中增加如下 定义：

2.@RequestMapping

在类前面定义，则将url和类绑定
在方法前面定义，则将url和类的方法绑定

3 参数绑定: