本文探讨了傅立叶变换在处理非平稳信号时的局限性，指出突然信号变化会导致时频分析的噪声。短时傅立叶变换（STFT）作为解决方案，根据不确定性原理，在提高频率分辨率的同时牺牲了时间分辨率。窗宽的选择至关重要：窄窗适用于高频信号，提供高时间分辨率但频率分辨率低；宽窗则反之，适合低频信号。窗宽的调整影响着信号的时间-频率局部化能力。
Fundamentals
- FT is not suitable for non-stationary signals.
The Fourier transform
Refer to notes of Fourier transform.
- Sudden change of signal will generate noise in the result of TF.
The short time Fourier transform (STFT)
-
According to Uncertainty principle, when increasing resolution of frequency, time resolution will
decrease. -
TF gives out best resolution in frequency, but 0 resolution in time. Time domain vice versa. STFT
only provide the frequency band in the time interval. -
Narrow window: good time resolution, poor frequency resolution. Suitable for high frequency signal.
Wide window: good frequency resolution,
poor time frequency resolution. Suitable for low frequency signal.
Question:
a 是怎么影响窗宽的？a越大窗宽越小吗？
图中横纵坐标都没有变化，如何体现窗的宽窄？
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