Python 基本变量

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

print "Hello, Python!";

print ("Hello, Python!");

 

#行和缩进

if True:

print "True"

else:

print "False"

 

 

if True:

print "Answer"

print "True"

else:

print "Answer"

# 没有严格缩进，在执行时保持

print "False"

 

#多行语句

item_one=1

item_two=2

item_three=3

total = item_one + \

item_two + \

item_three

print total

 

days = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday',

'Thursday', 'Friday']

print(days)

 

#引号

word = 'word'

sentence = "这是一个句子。"

paragraph = """这是一个段落。

包含了多个语句"""

print word

print sentence

print paragraph

 

#注释

# 第一个注释

print "Hello, Python!"; # 第二个注释

name = "Madisetti" # 这是一个注释

print name;

'''

这是多行注释，使用单引号。

这是多行注释，使用单引号。

这是多行注释，使用单引号。

'''

 

"""

这是多行注释，使用双引号。

这是多行注释，使用双引号。

这是多行注释，使用双引号。

"""

 

#空行

#raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

 

import sys; x = 'foo'; sys.stdout.write(x + '\n')

 

#码组

'''

if expression :

suite

elif expression :

suite

else :

suite

'''

 

#帮助

#help(sys.stdout.write)

 

#变量赋值

counter = 100 # 赋值整型变量

miles = 1000.0 # 浮点型

name = "John" # 字符串

 

print counter

print miles

print name

 

a = b = c = 1

print a,b,c

a, b, c = 1, 2, "john"

print a,b,c

 

#数字

var1 = 1

var2 = 10

 

#del var1[,var2[,var3[....,varN]]]]

var=5896419821

var_a=0.22

var_b=3e2

del var

del var_a, var_b

 

#字符串

#s="a1a2•••an"(n>=0)

s = 'ilovepython'

print s[1:5]

print s[5:-1]

 

str = 'Hello World!'

print str # 输出完整字符串

print str[0] # 输出字符串中的第一个字符

print str[2:5] # 输出字符串中第三个至第五个之间的字符串

print str[2:] # 输出从第三个字符开始的字符串

print str * 2 # 输出字符串两次

print str + "TEST" # 输出连接的字符串

 

#列表

list = [ 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 ]

tinylist = [123, 'john']

 

print list # 输出完整列表

print list[0] # 输出列表的第一个元素

print list[1:3] # 输出第二个至第三个的元素

print list[2:] # 输出从第三个开始至列表末尾的所有元素

print tinylist * 2 # 输出列表两次

print list + tinylist # 打印组合的列表

 

#元组

tuple = ( 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 )

tinytuple = (123, 'john')

 

print tuple # 输出完整元组

print tuple[0] # 输出元组的第一个元素

print tuple[1:3] # 输出第二个至第三个的元素

print tuple[2:] # 输出从第三个开始至列表末尾的所有元素

print tinytuple * 2 # 输出元组两次

print tuple + tinytuple # 打印组合的元组

 

tuple = ( 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 )

list = [ 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 ]

#tuple[2] = 1000 # 元组中是非法应用

list[2] = 1000 # 列表中是合法应用

 

#元字典

dict = {}

dict['one'] = "This is one"

dict[2] = "This is two"

 

tinydict = {'name': 'john','code':6734, 'dept': 'sales'}

 

 

print dict['one'] # 输出键为'one' 的值

print dict[2] # 输出键为 2 的值

print tinydict # 输出完整的字典

print tinydict.keys() # 输出所有键

print tinydict.values() # 输出所有值

 

#算术运算符

a = 21

b = 10

c = 0

 

c = a + b

print "Line 1 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a - b

print "Line 2 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a * b

print "Line 3 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a / b

print "Line 4 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a % b

print "Line 5 - Value of c is ", c

 

a = 2

b = 3

c = a**b

print "Line 6 - Value of c is ", c

 

a = 10

b = 5

c = a//b

print "Line 7 - Value of c is ", c

 

#比较运算符

a = 21

b = 10

c = 0

 

if ( a == b ):

print "Line 1 - a is equal to b"

else:

print "Line 1 - a is not equal to b"

 

if ( a != b ):

print "Line 2 - a is not equal to b"

else:

print "Line 2 - a is equal to b"

 

if ( a <> b ):

print "Line 3 - a is not equal to b"

else:

print "Line 3 - a is equal to b"

 

if ( a < b ):

print "Line 4 - a is less than b"

else:

print "Line 4 - a is not less than b"

 

if ( a > b ):

print "Line 5 - a is greater than b"

else:

print "Line 5 - a is not greater than b"

 

a = 5;

b = 20;

if ( a <= b ):

print "Line 6 - a is either less than or equal to b"

else:

print "Line 6 - a is neither less than nor equal to b"

 

if ( b >= a ):

print "Line 7 - b is either greater than or equal to b"

else:

print "Line 7 - b is neither greater than nor equal to b"

 

#赋值运算符

a = 21

b = 10

c = 0

 

c = a + b

print "Line 1 - Value of c is ", c

 

c += a

print "Line 2 - Value of c is ", c

 

c *= a

print "Line 3 - Value of c is ", c

 

c /= a

print "Line 4 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = 2

c %= a

print "Line 5 - Value of c is ", c

 

c **= a 两个乘号就是乘方

print "Line 6 - Value of c is ", c

 

c //= a #除法运算// 返回商的整数部分，抛弃余数

print "Line 7 - Value of c is ", c

 

#位运算符

a = 60 # 60 = 0011 1100

b = 13 # 13 = 0000 1101

c = 0

 

c = a & b; # 12 = 0000 1100

print "Line 1 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a | b; # 61 = 0011 1101

print "Line 2 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a ^ b; # 49 = 0011 0001

^ 按位异或 数的按位异或 5 ^ 3得到6(如果两个相同位置的二进制值相同则0 否则为1)

print "Line 3 - Value of c is ", c

 

~ 按位取反运算符:对数据的每个二进制位取反,即把1变为0,把0变为1

c = ~a; # -61 = 1100 0011

print "Line 4 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a << 2; # 240 = 1111 0000

print "Line 5 - Value of c is ", c

 

c = a >> 2; # 15 = 0000 1111

print "Line 6 - Value of c is ", c

 

#逻辑运算符

a = 10

b = 20

c = 0

 

if ( a and b ):

print "Line 1 - a and b are true"

else:

print "Line 1 - Either a is not true or b is not true"

 

if ( a or b ):

print "Line 2 - Either a is true or b is true or both are true"

else:

print "Line 2 - Neither a is true nor b is true"

 

 

a = 0

if ( a and b ):

print "Line 3 - a and b are true"

else:

print "Line 3 - Either a is not true or b is not true"

 

if ( a or b ):

print "Line 4 - Either a is true or b is true or both are true"

else:

print "Line 4 - Neither a is true nor b is true"

 

if not( a and b ):

print "Line 5 - Either a is not true or b is not true or both are not true"

else:

print "Line 5 - a and b are true"

 

#成员运算符

a = 10

b = 20

list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];

 

if ( a in list ):

print "Line 1 - a is available in the given list"

else:

print "Line 1 - a is not available in the given list"

 

if ( b not in list ):

print "Line 2 - b is not available in the given list"

else:

print "Line 2 - b is available in the given list"

 

a = 2

if ( a in list ):

print "Line 3 - a is available in the given list"

else:

print "Line 3 - a is not available in the given list"

 

#身份运算符

a = 20

b = 20

 

if ( a is b ):

print "Line 1 - a and b have same identity"

else:

print "Line 1 - a and b do not have same identity"

 

if ( id(a) == id(b) ):

print "Line 2 - a and b have same identity"

else:

print "Line 2 - a and b do not have same identity"

 

b = 30

if ( a is b ):

print "Line 3 - a and b have same identity"

else:

print "Line 3 - a and b do not have same identity"

 

if ( a is not b ):

print "Line 4 - a and b do not have same identity"

else:

print "Line 4 - a and b have same identity"

 

#运算符优先级

a = 20

b = 10

c = 15

d = 5

e = 0

 

e = (a + b) * c / d #( 30 * 15 ) / 5

print "Value of (a + b) * c / d is ", e

 

e = ((a + b) * c) / d # (30 * 15 ) / 5

print "Value of ((a + b) * c) / d is ", e

 

e = (a + b) * (c / d); # (30) * (15/5)

print "Value of (a + b) * (c / d) is ", e

 

e = a + (b * c) / d; # 20 + (150/5)

print "Value of a + (b * c) / d is ", e