Two things need to note for unpack in Perl

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-27 08:29:20 发布

ThinkHY

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-27 08:29:20 发布

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In item 116 of the book "Effective Perl", author demonstrates how to use unpack to process fix-width columnar data. I tried to write a toy code for practice, and found two things need to note.

First thing, MUST use single quote ' before and after the format string, or you'll get unexpected result, because @xx can be parsed as an array in Perl if enclosed within double quote.

Second thing, format @xxx makes unpack move to specified position, NOTICE here unpack will work from position xxx+1, not position xxx.

Code is as below.

 
 
  
  my 
  
  $format 
  
  = 
  
  'A2 @4 A10 @16 A6 @24 A*'
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
  

 
 
 
 
  
  my 
  
  $string 
  
  = 
  
  <<'COLUMMNAR';
 
 
 
 
  
  ID  First Name  Middle  Last Name                     
 
 
 
 
  
   1  brian       d       foy
 
 
 
 
  
   2  Joshua              McAdams 
 
 
 
 
  
   3  Joseph      N       Hall
 
 
 
 
  
  COLUMMNAR
 
 
 
 
  
  

 
 
 
 
  
  open 
  
  my 
  
  (
  
  $fh
  
  ), 
  
  '<'
  
  , 
  
  \
  
  $string
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
  my 
  
  @headers 
  
  = 
  
  unpack 
  
  $format
  
  , 
  
  <$fh>
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
  my 
  
  @names
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
  while
  
  (
  
  <$fh>
  
  ) 
  
  {
 
 
 
 
  
      
  
  my 
  
  %hash
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
      
  
  @hash 
  
  { 
  
  @headers 
  
  } 
  
  = 
  
  unpack 
  
  $format
  
  , 
  
  $_
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
      
  
  push 
  
  @names
  
  , 
  
  \
  
  %hash
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
  }
 
 
 
 
  
  

 
 
 
 
  
  use 
  
  Data::Dumper::
  
  Names
  
  ;
 
 
 
 
  
  print 
  
  Dumper
  
  ( 
  
  \
  
  @names 
  
  );

Update: I should say above format of unpack in Perl is very similar with REXX. Moreover, REXX is older than Perl, so MAYBE Perl community learned the pattern from REXX.