springboot同时打jar包和war包

       虽然Spring官方推荐springboot项目以jar包方式运行，但是在企业实际开发过程中，往往需要把项目打成war包运行，下面介绍springboot如何配置才能既打jar包又打war包。

1.创建一个springboot jar项目(自行百度，不再细说)

2.让springboot主程序类继承SpringBootServletInitializer，并重写configure方法。示例如下

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemospringApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemospringApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
        return builder.sources(DemospringApplication.class);
    }
}

3.修改Springboot项目默认的pom配置(利用maven的profile配置打jar包和war包)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demospring</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demospring</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <packaging>${project.packaging}</packaging>


    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <!--   jar包名     -->
        <jarFileName>demospring</jarFileName>
        <!--    war包名    -->
        <warFileName>demo_spring_web</warFileName>
        <!--   release时间戳   yyyyMMdd-HHmmss为UTC时间  -->
        <buildNumber>${maven.build.timestamp}</buildNumber>
        <maven.build.timestamp.format>yyyyMMdd-HHmmss</maven.build.timestamp.format>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--  利用maven的profiles可以灵活打jar包或war包  -->
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <!--  mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Pjar  -->
            <id>jar</id>
            <!-- 激活这个profile为默认profile ,即默认clean install打jar包    -->
            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <project.packaging>jar</project.packaging>
            </properties>
            <build>
                <finalName>${jarFileName}</finalName>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>./release/${buildNumber}</outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </plugin>
                    <plugin>
                        <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <phase>package</phase>
                                <configuration>
                                    <tasks>
                                        <copy todir="./release/${buildNumber}">
                                            <fileset dir="${project.build.directory}">
                                                <include name="${jarFileName}.jar"/>
                                            </fileset>
                                        </copy>
                                    </tasks>
                                </configuration>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>run</goal>
                                </goals>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </build>
        </profile>

        <!--  SpringBoot打war包,需要让主程序类 继承 SpringBootServletInitializer,并重写configure方法    -->
        <profile>
            <!--  mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Pwar  -->
            <id>war</id>
            <properties>
                <project.packaging>war</project.packaging>
            </properties>
            <dependencies>
                <!--  打war包要排除内嵌tomcat;并加上javax.servlet包   -->
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                    <exclusions>
                        <exclusion>
                            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                        </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                    <scope>provided</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
            <build>
                <finalName>${warFileName}</finalName>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>./release/${buildNumber}</outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </plugin>
                    <plugin>
                        <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <phase>package</phase>
                                <configuration>
                                    <tasks>
                                        <copy todir="./release/${buildNumber}">
                                            <fileset dir="${project.build.directory}">
                                                <include name="${warFileName}.war"/>
                                            </fileset>
                                        </copy>
                                    </tasks>
                                </configuration>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>run</goal>
                                </goals>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>


</project>

4.当项目需要打jar包时，执行命令

mvn clean install -Pjar

当需要打war包时，执行命令

mvn clean install -Pwar

上面的-Pjar 和-Pwar分别指定了maven打包时运行哪一个profile配置。

 

5.通过对以上2个命令的打包结果进行反编译探查，即可发现Springboot jar项目与war项目的区别

通过反编译可以看出SpringBoot打jar包时是没有WEB-INF,反而有一个BOOT-INF的目录,这是因为springboot以jar启动时用的是内置的tomcat容器,所以需要boot.loader作为启动器。另外，在打war包时会生成WEB-INF目录,因为外置tomcat服务器启动war项目时，会自动寻找WEB-INF目录，并且这里要单独引入servlet-api.jar才能让tomcat识别并启动Spring框架。