Filter过滤器实现统计访问量和统一编码格式

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 22:30:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 22:30:05 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb笔记文章标签： Filter

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1. 什么是过滤器

Servlet过滤器实质上就是在web应用服务器上的一个web应用组件，用于拦截客户端(浏览器) 与目标资源的请求，并对这些请求进行一定过滤处理再发送给目标资源。

每一个过滤器对象都要直接或间接地实现Filter接口，在Filter接口中定义了3个方法，分别为init()方法、doFilter()方法和destroy()方法。

过滤器中的init()方法用于对过滤器的初始化进行处理；

destroy()方法是过滤器的销毁方法，主要用于释放资源；

对于过滤处理的业务逻辑需要编写到doFilter()方法中，在请求过滤处理后，需要调用chain参数的doFilter()方法将请求向下传递给下一过滤器或目标资源。

2. Filter过滤器实现统计访问量和统一编码格式

2.1 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h2>
	欢迎光临,<br>
	您是本站的第[
	<%= application.getAttribute("count") %>
	]位访客!
	</h2>
	
	<form action="TestServlet" method="post">
	  <input type="text" name="age">
	  <input type="submit">
	
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>

2.2 CountFilter.java

package com.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
//import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * Servlet Filter implementation class CountFilter
 */
//@WebFilter("/CountFilter")
public class CountFilter implements Filter {
	
	//声明来访数量
	private int count;

    /**
     * Default constructor. 
     */
    public CountFilter() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see Filter#destroy()
	 */
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	}

	

	/**
	 * @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)
	 */
	public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
		//获取初始化参数
		String param =fConfig.getInitParameter("count");
		//将字符串转换为int
		count=Integer.valueOf(param);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * @see Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
	 */
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		
		//访问数量自增
		count++;
		//将ServletRequest转换为HttpServletRequest
		HttpServletRequest req =(HttpServletRequest)request;
		//获取ServletContext相当于application
		ServletContext context = req.getSession().getServletContext();
		//将来访数量值放入到ServletContext中
		context.setAttribute("count", count);
		//向下传递过滤器
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

}

2.3 CharactorFilter.java

package com.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
//import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;

/**
 * Servlet Filter implementation class CharactorFilter
 */
//@WebFilter("/CharactorFilter")
public class CharactorFilter implements Filter {
	
	//字符编码
	String encoding=null;

    /**
     * Default constructor. 
     */
    public CharactorFilter() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see Filter#destroy()
	 */
	public void destroy() {
		encoding=null;
	}

	/**
	 * @see Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
	 */
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//判断字符编码是否为空
		if(encoding!=null) {
			//设置request的编码格式
			request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
			//设置response的编码格式
			response.setContentType("text/html;charset="+encoding);
		}
		
		//传给下一过滤器
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	/**
	 * @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)
	 */
	public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
		//获取初始化参数
		encoding=fConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
	}

}

2.4 TestServlet.java

package com.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class TestServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/TestServlet")
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public TestServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String age= request.getParameter("age");

		PrintWriter out =response.getWriter();
		out.println(age);
	}

}

2.5 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>filter123</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CountFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.filter.CountFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>count</param-name>
      <param-value>0</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CountFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/index.jsp</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharactorFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.filter.CharactorFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharactorFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

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Filter过滤器实现统计访问量和统一编码格式

1. 什么是过滤器 Servlet过滤器实质上就是在web应用服务器上的一个web应用组件，用于拦截客户端(浏览器) 与目标资源的请求，并对这些请求进行一定过滤处理再发送给目标资源。每一个过滤器对象都要直接或间接地实现Filter接口，在Filter接口中定义了3个方法，分别为init()方法、doFilter()方法和destroy()方法。过滤...
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