前言
是学习linux以来接触到的第一个服务。
Openssh功能概述
openssh是SSH(Secure Shell)协议的免费开源软件,但是还有其他的软件,比如说telnet.
软件安装名称:Openssh-server
配置文件:/etc/ssh/sshd_conf
默认端口:22(ip相当于计算机向外界开启的一个大门,而端口就相当于室内的小门)
客户端命令:ssh
在做这个实验的过程中我们需要两台主机,此两台主机可以是两台能互相通信的虚拟机,我们将两台主机的环境分别设置为rhel7和rhel8,并且分别称为测试端和配置端。
这两个主机的ip地址分别设置成192.168.0.10和192.168.0.11
查看主机id:
[root@rhel8_node1 ~]# ip addr show
...
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:62:4a:3a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.11/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe62:4a3a/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...
查看openssh是否安装
[root@rhel8_node1 ~]# rpm -qa | grep openssh-server
openssh-server-7.8p1-4.el8.x86_64
ssh命令
注意,在这两台主机之间做实验之前必须保证这两台主机之间可以互相通信,即网络是相通的。
测试:
[root@rhel8_node1 ~]# ping 192.168.0.10
PING 192.168.0.10 (192.168.0.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.46 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.48 ms
...成功
ssh remoteUSER(主机用户名)@remoteIP(远程主机ip)
例如:
[root@rhel8_node1 ~]# ssh root@192.168.0.10
root@192.168.0.10's password:
Last login: Sun Mar 8 23:22:30 2020 from 192.168.0.11
还有参数可以精准登陆:
-
-l 指定登陆用户
[root@rhel7_node1 ~]# ssh -l root 192.168.0.10 The authenticity of host '192.168.0.10 (192.168.0.10)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nQzmDIYcC64SRGnU17Jvdknbe0wyldWrD3Pd6cUgTDA. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:bd:02:af:94:87:83:63:d5:ed:01:24:a6:5f:01:0d:88. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? (是否继续)yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.10' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root