JDBC：Java连接MySQL的5种方式

import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * 分析java连接mysql的5种方式
 */
public class JdbcConn {

    //方式1
    @Test
    public void Connect01() throws SQLException {
        Driver driver = new Driver();  //创建driver对象
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/imooc1";
        Properties properties = new Properties();  //创建properties对象
        properties.setProperty("user", "root");   //将用户名和密码放入properties对象
        properties.setProperty("password", "123456");
        Connection connection = driver.connect(url, properties);   //连接
        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式2
    @Test
    public void Connect02() throws Exception {
        //使用反射加载Driver类，动态加载，更加的灵活，减少依赖性
        Class<?> class1 = Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver = (Driver) class1.getConstructor().newInstance();

        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/imooc1";

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("user", "root");
        properties.setProperty("password", "123456");

        Connection connection = driver.connect(url, properties);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式3 使用 DriverManager 替代 driver 进行统一管理
    @Test
    public void Connect03() throws Exception {
        Class class2 = Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver = (Driver)class2.getConstructor().newInstance();

        //创建url，user，password
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/imooc1";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "123456";

        DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);  //注册Driver驱动
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式4  使用Class.forName自动完成注册驱动，简化代码
    //这种方式获取连接是使用的最多的，推荐使用
    @Test
    public void Connect04() throws Exception {
        //在加载 Driver类时，完成注册
        /**
         * 源码：1.静态代码块在类加载时，会执行一次
         * static {
         *     try {
         *         DriverManager.registerDriver(new Driver());
         *     } catch (SQLException var1) {
         *         throw new RuntimeException("Can't register driver!");
         *     }
         * }
         * 2.因此注册driver的工作已经完成
         */
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  //此句也可以不写，但建议写上

        //创建url，user，password
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/imooc1";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "123456";

        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式5 在方式4的基础上改进，增加配置文件，让连接mysql更加灵活
    //在实际开发中最好的一种方式
    @Test
    public void Connect05() throws Exception {

        //通过Properties对象获取配置文件的信息
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(new FileInputStream("src/mysql.properties"));
        //读取相关的值
        String driver = properties.getProperty("driver");
        String url = properties.getProperty("url");
        String user = properties.getProperty("user");
        String password = properties.getProperty("password");

        Class.forName(driver);

        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }
}