数据结构、算法与应用 （C++描述） 第二版 1.16

按照惯例，分了三个部分（头文件，头文件实现，main）来写。
只是按照他的要求粗略的写了一下，没有优化。
            **仅供有需要的人以参考，如有错误请纠正我**

头文件：currency.h

#ifndef CURRENCY_H_
#define CURRENCY_H_

#include<iostream>
#include<exception>
enum signType { plu, minu };

class currency
{
private:
    signType sign;
    long amount;
public:
    currency(signType theSign = plu, unsigned long theDollars = 0, unsigned int theCents = 0);
    ~currency() { }
    void setValue(signType theSign, unsigned long Dollars, unsigned int Cents);
    void setValue(double theAmount);
    signType getSign() const;
    unsigned long getDollars() const;
    unsigned int getCents() const;
    currency operator+(const currency & x) const;
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & out, const currency &x);
    void input();
    void subtract(double x);
    currency & percent(double x);
    currency & multiply(double x);
    currency & divide(double x);
};

#endif

头文件实现：currency.cpp

#include"currency.h"
currency::currency(signType theSign, unsigned long theDollars, unsigned int theCents)
{
    setValue(theSign, theDollars, theCents);
}

void currency::setValue(signType theSign, unsigned long Dollars, unsigned int Cents)
{
    using namespace std;
    if (Cents > 99)
        throw "Cents should be < 100";
    amount = Dollars * 100 + Cents;
    if (theSign == minu)
        amount = -amount;
}

void currency::setValue(double theAmount)
{
    if (theAmount < 0)
        amount = (long)((theAmount - 0.001) * 100);
    else
        amount = (long)((theAmount + 0.001) * 100);
}

signType currency::getSign() const
{
    if (amount < 0)
        return minu;
    else
        return plu;
}

unsigned long currency::getDollars() const
{
    if (amount < 0)
        return (-amount) / 100;
    else
        return amount / 100;
}


unsigned int currency::getCents() const
{
    if (amount < 0)
        return -amount - getDollars() * 100;
    else
        return amount - getDollars() * 100;
}

currency currency::operator+(const currency & x) const
{
    currency result;
    result.amount = amount + x.amount;
    return result;
}


std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & out, const currency & x)
{
    long theAmount = x.amount;
    if (theAmount < 0)
    {
        out << '-';
        theAmount = -theAmount;
    }
    long dollars = theAmount / 100;
    out << '$' << dollars << '.';
    int cents = theAmount - dollars * 100;
    if (cents < 10)
        out << '0';
    out << cents;
    return out;
}

void currency::input()
{
    using std::cin;
    using std::cout;
    using std::endl;
    long dollars;
    int cents;
    cout << "Dollars: ";
    cin >> dollars;
    cout << "Cents: ";
    cin >> cents;
    if ((dollars > 0 && cents < 0) || (dollars < 0 && cents > 0))
        throw "Dollars and cents symbols must be the same.";
    if (dollars < 0)
        setValue(minu, dollars, cents);
    else
        setValue(plu, dollars, cents);
}

void currency::subtract(double x)
{
    amount = amount - (long)(x * 100);
    std::cout << "subtract: " << *this << std::endl;
}

currency & currency::percent(double x)
{
    amount = amount * (x / 100);
    return *this;
}

currency & currency::multiply(double x)
{
    amount = amount * x;
    return *this;
}

currency & currency::divide(double x)
{
    amount = amount / x;
    return *this;
}

测试文件：main.cpp

#include"currency.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    currency g, i, j;
    currency h(plu, 3, 50);

    g.setValue(minu, 2, 25);
    i.setValue(-6.45);

    j = h + g;
    cout << h << " + " << g << " = " << j << endl;

    j = i + g + h;
    cout << i << " + " << g << " + " << h << " = " << j << endl;

    /*异常测试
    cout << "Attempting to initialize with cents = 152" << endl;
    try
    {
        i.setValue(plu, 3, 152);
    }
    catch (char * e)
    {
        cout << "Caught thrown exception : " << e << endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    */
    currency test;
    try {
        test.input();
    }
    catch (char * e)
    {
        cout << "test.input error: " << e << endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    cout << "test: " << test << endl;
    test.subtract(2.5);
    cout << "percent: " << test.percent(10) << endl;
    cout << "multiply: " << test.multiply(5.0) << endl;
    cout << "divide: " << test.divide(2.0) << endl;
    return 0;
}