dept.java
package cn.itcast.b_one2Many;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Dept {
private int deptId;
private String deptName;
// 【一对多】 部门对应的多个员工
private Set<Employee> emps = new HashSet<Employee>();
public int getDeptId() {
return deptId;
}
public void setDeptId(int deptId) {
this.deptId = deptId;
}
public String getDeptName() {
return deptName;
}
public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
this.deptName = deptName;
}
public Set<Employee> getEmps() {
return emps;
}
public void setEmps(Set<Employee> emps) {
this.emps = emps;
}
}
Employee.java
package cn.itcast.b_one2Many;
public class Employee {
private int empId;
private String empName;
private double salary;
// 【多对一】员工与部门
private Dept dept;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(double salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
public Dept getDept() {
return dept;
}
public void setDept(Dept dept) {
this.dept = dept;
}
}
Dept.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.b_one2Many">
<class name="Dept" table="t_dept">
<id name="deptId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="deptName" length="20"></property>
<!--
一对多关联映射配置 (通过部门管理到员工)
Dept 映射关键点:
1. 指定 映射的集合属性: "emps"
2. 集合属性对应的集合表: "t_employee"
3. 集合表的外键字段 "t_employee. dept_id"
4. 集合元素的类型
inverse=false set集合映射的默认值; 表示有控制权
-->
<set name="emps" cascade="save-update,delete" table="t_employee" inverse="false"> <!-- table="t_employee" -->
<key column="dept_id"></key>
<one-to-many class="Employee"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Employee.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.b_one2Many">
<class name="Employee" table="t_employee">
<id name="empId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="empName" length="20"></property>
<property name="salary" type="double"></property>
<!--
多对一映射配置
Employee 映射关键点:
1. 映射的部门属性 : dept
2. 映射的部门属性,对应的外键字段: dept_id
3. 部门的类型
-->
<many-to-one name="dept" column="dept_id" class="Dept"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
App1_save.java
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.classic.Session;
import org.junit.Test;
public class App1_save {
private static SessionFactory sf;
static {
sf = new Configuration()
.configure()
.addClass(Dept.class)
.addClass(Employee.class) // 测试时候使用
.buildSessionFactory();
}
// 保存, 部门方 【一的一方法操作】
@Test
public void save() {
Session session = sf.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
// 部门对象
Dept dept = new Dept();
dept.setDeptName("应用开发部");
// 员工对象
Employee emp_zs = new Employee();
emp_zs.setEmpName("张三");
Employee emp_ls = new Employee();
emp_ls.setEmpName("李四");
// 关系
dept.getEmps().add(emp_zs);
dept.getEmps().add(emp_ls);
// 保存
session.save(emp_zs);
session.save(emp_ls);
session.save(dept); // 保存部门,部门下所有的员工
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
/*结果
* inverse = false
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_dept (deptName) values (?)
Hibernate: update t_employee set deptId=? where empId=? 维护员工引用的部门的id
Hibernate: update t_employee set deptId=? where empId=?
结果
* inverse = true
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_dept (deptName) values (?)*/
}
// 【推荐】 保存, 部员方 【多的一方法操作】
@Test
public void save2() {
Session session = sf.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
// 部门对象
Dept dept = new Dept();
dept.setDeptName("综合部");
// 员工对象
Employee emp_zs = new Employee();
emp_zs.setEmpName("张三");
Employee emp_ls = new Employee();
emp_ls.setEmpName("李四");
// 关系
emp_zs.setDept(dept);
emp_ls.setDept(dept);
// 保存
session.save(dept); // 先保存一的方法
session.save(emp_zs);
session.save(emp_ls);// 再保存多的一方,关系回自动维护(映射配置完)
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
/*结果:无论inverse=true还是false
Hibernate: insert into t_dept (deptName) values (?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
*/
}
}
----public void save() {...}执行分析
一方Dept.hbm.xml的Set集合inverse = true
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_dept (deptName) values (?)
一方Dept.hbm.xml的Set集合Inverse=false
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_dept (deptName) values (?)
Hibernate: update t_employee set dept_id=? where empId=?//deptId值有更新,和inverse=false有关,具有控制权
Hibernate: update t_employee set dept_id=? where empId=?//deptId值有更新
public void save2() {...}执行结果分析
一方Dept.hbm.xml的Set集合inverse = false
Hibernate: insert into t_dept (deptName) values (?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into t_employee (empName, salary, dept_id) values (?, ?, ?)
-----、Inverse是hibernate双向关系中的基本概念。inverse的真正作用就是指定由哪一方来维护之间的关联关系。当一方中指定了“inverse=false”(默认),那么那一
方(主控方)就有责任负责之间的关联关系,说白了就是hibernate如何生成Sql来维护关联的记录!
Hibernate仅仅按照主控方对象的状态的变化来同步更新数据库。按照原来的映射文件,dept.getEmps().add(emp_zs);即主控方对象的状态发生了改变,因此数据库
会跟着对象状态的变化来同步更新数据库;而emp_zs.setDept(dept);,即被控方对象的状态发生了改变,它是不能触发对象和数据库的同步更新的。