Swift 2.0 学习第1天:常量和变量, 数据类型,字符和字符串

//: Playground - noun: a place where people can play

import Cocoa

var str = "Hello, playground"

/*

//实现

func myFunc (name:String, age:Int) -> String {

let info = name + ", " + "\(age) " + "!"

return info

}

//执行

let info = myFunc("xxz", age: 25)

print(info)

let name = "123"

//

var xxz = 24;

xxz = 000

//数组

var array = ["1", "2", "3"]

for age in array {

print(age + " ")

}

//类

class Country {

var name = "xxz"

var age = 25

var sex = "boy"

func info(id:Int) -> String {

if id==1029 {

return name + ", " + "\(age), " + sex

}else {

return "id is error"

}

}

}

//类扩展

extension Country {

func ex () -> (arr:Array<String>, info:String) {

return (["name", "age", "sex"], "info")

}

}

//创建类

let coutry = Country ()

let info1 = coutry.info(1020)

print(info1)

print("ex=" + "\(coutry.ex().arr)")

*/

/*-1-******常变量和数据基本类型*******/

/*

//常量和变量

//变量指定类型,不用初始化

//常量必须初始化

var name:String

var name1 = "xxz"

var name2:String = "xxz"

print(name1)

//整型,浮点型

let age = 10, you = 11; var info:String, sex:String

let age1:Int = 11

let age2:Double = 12.012345678901234567890123456789

let age3 : Float = 12.0123456789

print(age2)

print(age3)

//拼接字符串 //toString(参数)

let info1 = name1+", \(age), " + "boy !"

let info2 = "\(name1), \(age), boy !"

//类型最大,最小值

let minIntValue = Int.min

let maxIntValue = Int.max

//INT16_MAX也可取相应的最大值

//INT16_MIN

let max = 1_123_456_789_123_456_789

print(max)

let double:Double = Double(age3)

print(double)

//布尔类型

var flag:Bool = true

if flag {

print("YES")

}else {

print("NO")

}

*/

/*-2-******字符和字符串*******/

let character:Character ="3"

print(character)

//1 - 初始化字符串

var string = ""

var string1:String =""

var string2:String

var string3 = String()

let name = "xxz, " +String(123)

print(name)

//2 - 遍历字符串

let myBlock = "这里是七个汉字"

for i inmyBlock.characters {

    print("=> \(i)")

}

//3 - 数字转换成字符串

let num:Int =1234

let numStr:String ="\(num)"

let numStr1:String =String(num)

//4 - 获取字符串中的字符Unicode编码

//汉字占双字节

let strValue = "哈azAZ09"

for uniCode in strValue.unicodeScalars {

    print("--------------------")

    print(uniCode.value)

    

    //Unicode编码 =>字符

    var a = UnicodeScalar(uniCode.value)

    print(a)

    print("--------------------")

}

//Unicode编码 => 字符

NSLog("%c",num)

let char:Character ="z"

let nameStr:String ="xx"

let myName:String =nameStr +String(char)

print(myName)

//5 - 字符串比较

let shit1 = "shit1"

let shit2 = "shit2"

if shit1 ==shit2 {

    print("shit1等于shit2")

}elseifshit1 >shit2 {

    print("shit1大于shit2")

}else {

    print("shit1小于shit2")

}

//6 - 字符串大小写转换

let bigStr = "BIG"

let smallStr = "small"

print(bigStr.lowercaseString)

print(smallStr.uppercaseString)

//7 - 字符串操作

var myStr = "abcdef"

print(myStr.startIndex)

print(myStr.endIndex)

//7.1 - 字符串的长度

let length = myStr.characters.count

//7.2 - 截取 Swift 2.0

let startIndex = myStr.startIndex.advancedBy(2)

let endIndex = myStr.startIndex.advancedBy(length)

var cutStr = myStr.substringFromIndex(startIndex)

print(cutStr)

var cutStr1 = myStr.substringToIndex(endIndex)

print(cutStr1)

//7.3 - 截取指定范围

let range = Range<String.Index> (start:startIndex, end:endIndex)

var cutStr2 = myStr.substringWithRange(range)

print(cutStr2)

//7.4 - 移除指定字符

var removeStr = myStr.removeAtIndex(startIndex)

print(removeStr)

print(myStr)

//7.5 - 插入字符到置顶位置

myStr.insert(removeStr, atIndex:startIndex)

print(myStr)

let char11:Character ="g"

myStr.append(char11)//直接追加到尾部

print(myStr)

//元组

let tuples = (name:"xxz", age:25, sex:"boy")

let myName1 = tuples.name

let myAge1 = tuples.age

let mySex1 = tuples.sex

let (_, myAge2, mySex2) =tuples

print(myAge2)

/*

? => 不是数字组成的字符串,输出结果是nil

! => 不是数字组成的字符串,直接报错

*/

let tempStr1 = "1234567890"

var value1:Int! =Int(tempStr1)

print(value1)

/*-3-******数组*******/

//数组的个数

let array = ["0","1","2"]

let count = array.count