单例模式
单例模式(Singleton Pattern)是 Java 中最简单的设计模式之一。这种类型的设计模式属于创建型模式,它提供了一种创建对象的最佳方式。这种模式涉及到一个单一的类,该类负责创建自己的对象,同时确保只有单个对象被创建。这个类提供了一种访问其唯一的对象的方式,可以直接访问,不需要实例化该类的对象。
- 懒汉式,线程不安全
public class Singleton {
private static Singleton instance;
private Singleton(){}
public static Singleton getInstance(){
if(instance==null){
instance=new Singleton();
}
return instance;
}
}
- 懒汉式,线程安全
public class Singleton{
private static Singleton instance;
private Singleton(){}
public static synchronized Singleton getInstance(){
if(instance==null){
instance=new Singleton();
}
return instance;
}
}
- 饿汉式
public class Singleton{
private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();
private Singleton(){}
public static Singleton getInstance(){
return instance;
}
}
- 双检锁/双重校验锁
public class Singleton{
private static Singleton singleton;
private Singleton(){}
public static synchronized Singleton getSingleton(){
if(singleton==null){
synchronized(Singleton.class){
if(singleton==null){
singleton = new singleton();
}
}
}
return singleton;
}
}
- 登记式/静态内部类
public class Singleton {
private static class SingletonHolder {
private static final Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton();
}
private Singleton (){}
public static final Singleton getInstance() {
return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;
}
}
- 枚举
public enum Singleton {
INSTANCE;
public void whateverMethod() {
}
}