Bash语法中的For Loop

前言

编写bash脚本，遍历语法经常会被用到，需要掌握其规则。三大基本遍历语法包括for loop、while loop 和 until loop。本篇只整理For Loop部分。

基本语法

for item in [LIST]
do
  [COMMANDS]
done

方法示例

在string list中遍历

for element in Str1 Str2 Str3 Str4
do
  echo "Element: $element"
done

在数字范围中遍历

{START..END} # 从START到END，START和END都会被取到，间隔为1
{START..END..INCREMENT} # 间隔为INCREMENT

for i in {0..20}

do
  echo "process: $i"
  ffmpeg -i ld-video$i.mp4 -i hd-video$i.mp4 -lavfi hstack -y out-video$i.mp4
done

在元素数组中遍历

BOOKS=('In Search of Lost Time' 'Don Quixote' 'Ulysses' 'The Great Gatsby')

for book in "${BOOKS[@]}"; do
  echo "Book: $book"
done

C语言风格的for loop

for ((INITIALIZATION; TEST; STEP))
do
  [COMMANDS]
done

for ((i = 0 ; i <= 1000 ; i++)); do
  echo "Counter: $i"
done

break 和 continue

for element in Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium; do
  if [[ "$element" == 'Lithium' ]]; then
    break
  fi
  echo "Element: $element"
done

echo 'All Done!'

for i in {1..5}; do
  if [[ "$i" == '2' ]]; then
    continue
  fi
  echo "Number: $i"
done

参考资料

[1] Linuxize - Bash For Loop