配置版HelloSpringMVC
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导入依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.3.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
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配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--配置DispatcherServlet:这个是SpringMVC的核心;请求分发器,前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--DispatcherServlet要绑定Spring的配置文件--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--启动级别:1 数字越小,启动越早--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!--/ 匹配所有的请求;不包括.jsp--> <!--/* 匹配所有的请求;包括.jsp--> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
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编写SpringMVC配置文件:springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!--处理器映射器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/> <!--处理器适配器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/> <!--视图解析器:DispatcherServlet给他的ModelAndView--> <!-- 1.获取了ModelAndView的数据 2.解析了ModelAndView的视图名字 3.拼接视图名字,找到对应的视图 4.将数据渲染到视图上 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--前缀--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <!--后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!--Handler--> <bean id="/hello" class="com.lrm.controller.HelloController"/> </beans>
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编写Controller
public class HelloController implements Controller { @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { //ModelAndView 模型和视图 ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); //调用业务层 //封装对象,放在ModelAndView中 mv.addObject("msg","HelloSpringMVC!"); //封装要跳转的视图,放在ModelAndView中 mv.setViewName("hello"); //: /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp return mv; } }
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编写跳转页面hello.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> ${msg} </body> </html>
注解版HelloSpringMVC
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导入依赖
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配置web.xml
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编写SpringMVC配置文件:springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描包,让指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.lrm.controller"/> <!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <!-- 支持mvc注解驱动 在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系 要想使@RequestMapping注解生效 必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping 和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例 这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。 而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
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编写Controller
@Controller public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public String Hello(Model model){ //封装数据 model.addAttribute("msg","Hello SpringMVC!"); return "hello"; //会被视图解析器处理 } }
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编写跳转页面hello.jsp
- 小结:通常,我们只需要手动配置视图解析器,而处理器映射器和处理器适配器只需要开启**注解驱动**即可,而省去了大段的xml配置