Bottles(选择k个物品的01背包)

Nick has n bottles of soda left after his birthday. Each bottle is described by two values: remaining amount of soda ai and bottle volume bi (ai ≤ bi).

Nick has decided to pour all remaining soda into minimal number of bottles, moreover he has to do it as soon as possible. Nick spends x seconds to pour x units of soda from one bottle to another.

Nick asks you to help him to determine k — the minimal number of bottles to store all remaining soda and t — the minimal time to pour soda into k bottles. A bottle can’t store more soda than its volume. All remaining soda should be saved.

Input
The first line contains positive integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100) — the number of bottles.

The second line contains n positive integers a1, a2, …, an (1 ≤ ai ≤ 100), where ai is the amount of soda remaining in the i-th bottle.

The third line contains n positive integers b1, b2, …, bn (1 ≤ bi ≤ 100), where bi is the volume of the i-th bottle.

It is guarante

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好的,我可以帮你解答这个问题。以下是使用Java的BFS算法来实现三个酒瓶的分酒问题的示例代码: ```java import java.util.*; public class BottleProblem { // 定义酒瓶的容量 private static final int[] CAPACITY = {12, 8, 5}; // 定义酒瓶状态类 private static class State { private int[] bottles; public State(int[] bottles) { this.bottles = bottles; } public int[] getBottles() { return bottles; } public boolean isGoalState() { return bottles[0] == 6 && bottles[1] == 6 && bottles[2] == 0; } public List<State> getNextStates() { List<State> nextStates = new ArrayList<>(); // 尝试所有可能的操作 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { if (i != j) { int[] newBottles = Arrays.copyOf(bottles, 3); int amount = Math.min(newBottles[i], CAPACITY[j] - newBottles[j]); newBottles[i] -= amount; newBottles[j] += amount; nextStates.add(new State(newBottles)); } } } return nextStates; } } // 使用BFS算法求解 public static void solve() { Queue<State> queue = new LinkedList<>(); Set<State> visited = new HashSet<>(); // 初始状态,三个酒瓶都为空 int[] initBottles = {0, 0, 0}; State initialState = new State(initBottles); queue.add(initialState); visited.add(initialState); while (!queue.isEmpty()) { State currentState = queue.poll(); if (currentState.isGoalState()) { System.out.println("找到解决方案!"); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(currentState.getBottles())); return; } List<State> nextStates = currentState.getNextStates(); for (State nextState : nextStates) { if (!visited.contains(nextState)) { queue.add(nextState); visited.add(nextState); } } } System.out.println("未找到解决方案!"); } public static void main(String[] args) { solve(); } } ``` 这段代码使用BFS算法来搜索所有可能的状态,直到找到目标状态(即三个酒瓶中有6升、6升和0升的解决方案)或者搜索完所有可能的状态。在每个状态中,我们尝试所有可能的操作,即从一个酒瓶向另一个酒瓶倒酒,直到酒瓶中的酒量达到容量限制或者另一个酒瓶已满为止。 希望这个示例代码能够帮助到你!如果有任何问题,请随时提问。

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