MFC的六大关键技术

 

//main.h头文件
#pragma once
#include"a.h"
class CShape
{
public:
	virtual CRuntimeClassTest* GetRuntimeClassTest() const;
	BOOL IsKindOf(const CRuntimeClassTest* pClass) const;
public:
	static CRuntimeClassTest classCShape;
};

static char szCShape[] = "CShape";
struct CRuntimeClassTest CShape::classCShape = { szCShape ,sizeof(szCShape),0xffff,NULL,NULL};
static CLASS_INIT init_CShape(&CShape::classCShape);

CRuntimeClassTest* CShape::GetRuntimeClassTest() const
{
	return &CShape::classCShape;
}

inline BOOL CShape::IsKindOf(const CRuntimeClassTest * pClass) const
{
	CRuntimeClassTest* pClassThis = GetRuntimeClassTest();
	while (pClassThis!= NULL)
	{
		if (pClassThis == pClass)
			return TRUE;
		pClassThis = pClassThis->m_pBaseClass;
	}
	return FALSE;
}

//a.h头文件
#pragma once
#include<afxwin.h>
class CShape;
//RTTI结构体
struct CRuntimeClassTest
{
	LPCSTR m_lpszClassName;
	int m_nObjectSize;
	UINT m_wSchema;
	
	CShape*(PASCAL*m_pfnCreateShape)();
	CRuntimeClassTest* m_pBaseClass;

	static CRuntimeClassTest*  pFirstClass;
	CRuntimeClassTest* m_pNextClass;
};

struct CLASS_INIT
{
	//c++struct也有构造函数
	CLASS_INIT(CRuntimeClassTest* pNewClass);
};


//下面为几组宏，由于文字代换
/*
*宏定义，"\"指换行，后面的语句和它是一个部分的。
*其中##告诉编译器把左右连个字符串连接在一起，即把class和参数class_name的值连接在一起。
*/
#define TyPeName(class_name)\
	public:\
		static CRuntimeClassTest class##class_name;\
		virtual CRuntimeClassTest* GetRuntimeClassTest() const;

#define RUN_TIME_CLASS(class_name)\
		(&class_name::class##class_name)

#define DYNAMIC_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name,baseclass_name,wSchema,pfnNew)\
	static  char lpsz##class_name[]=#class_name;\
	CRuntimeClassTest class_name::class##class_name={\
		lpsz##class_name,sizeof(class_name),wSchema,pfnNew,RUN_TIME_CLASS(baseclass_name),NULL};\
	static CLASS_INIT init_##class_name(&class_name::class_name::class##class_name);\
		CRuntimeClassTest* class_name::GetRuntimeClassTest() const\
		{return &class_name::class##class_name;}


/*
*用于动态创建对象的宏
*/
#define DYNAMIC_CREATE(class_name,baseclass_name)\
	DYNAMIC_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name,baseclass_name,0xFFFF,NULL)


CLASS_INIT::CLASS_INIT(CRuntimeClassTest * pNewClass)
{
	pNewClass->m_pNextClass = CRuntimeClassTest::pFirstClass;
	CRuntimeClassTest::pFirstClass = pNewClass;
}

//main.cpp
#pragma once
#include"a.h"
#include"main.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

CRuntimeClassTest* CRuntimeClassTest::pFirstClass = NULL;//静态成员变量初始化的位置

class CCircle :public CShape
{
	TyPeName(CCircle)

};
class CEllipse :public CCircle
{
	TyPeName(CEllipse)
};


DYNAMIC_CREATE(CCircle,CShape)
DYNAMIC_CREATE(CEllipse,CCircle)

void Print()
{
	CRuntimeClassTest* pClass;
	for (pClass = CRuntimeClassTest::pFirstClass; pClass != NULL; pClass = pClass->m_pNextClass)
	{
		cout << pClass->m_lpszClassName << "," << pClass->m_nObjectSize << "," << pClass->m_wSchema << endl;
	}
}
int main()
{
	CEllipse* pE = new CEllipse;
	CCircle* pC = new CCircle;

	Print();
	if (pE->IsKindOf(RUN_TIME_CLASS(CEllipse)))
	{
		cout << "对象pE的类型为:CEllipse" << endl;
	}
	if (pC->IsKindOf(RUN_TIME_CLASS(CShape)))
	{
		cout << "对象pC的类型为CShape" << endl;
	}
	delete pE;
	delete pC;
	return 0;
}

 若代码改为如下图,则运行结果如下：

	if (pE->IsKindOf(RUN_TIME_CLASS(CEllipse)))
	{
		cout << "对象pE的类型为:CEllipse" << endl;
	}
	if (pC->IsKindOf(RUN_TIME_CLASS(CEllipse)))
	{
		cout << "对象pC的类型为CShape" << endl;
	}