linux下shell的基础编程和高级编程

有起要注意空格等问题,这个一开始学的时候特别容易出错,然后导致查了半天!!

1-helloworld.sh

#!/bin/bash
#使用/bin/bash来解析脚本

echo "helloworld"

2-变量.sh

#!/bin/bash

num=10
name="jack"
age=22
sex='male'

echo $num
echo "name : $name   age : $age   sex : $sex"

echo "输出命令行参数"
echo $1
echo $2
echo $3

echo "共有$#个命令行参数"
echo "所有参数:$*"

#export AA=100   #环境级变量 作用域:当前终端

#echo "export AA=100" >> ~/.profile    #用户级变量 作用域:相同用户
#source ~/.profile

#echo "export AA=100"  >> /etc/profile   #系统级变量 作用域:整个系统
#source /etc/profile

echo "打印环境变量"
echo $AA

3-数学运算.sh

#!/bin/bash

num=100
let num=num+100
echo $num

num=100
num=$[num+100]
echo $num

num=100
num=$((num+100))
echo $num

num=100
num=`expr $num + 100`
echo $num

4-数组.sh

#!/bin/bash

array1=(1 2 3 4 5)
array2=('a' 'b' 'c' 'd' 'e')
array3=("1111" "2222" "3333")

echo ${array1[0]}
echo ${array2[0]}
echo ${array3[0]}

echo ${array3[@]}    #访问所有元素
echo ${#array1[@]}   #打印数组元素个数
echo ${!array1[@]}   #打印所有的下标
echo ${array1[@]:1}  #从第二个元素开始打印
echo ${array1[@]:1:2} 

#关联数组
echo "**************"

declare -A array4
declare -A array5

array4[name]="jack"
array4[age]=22
array4[sex]="male"

array5=([name]="tom" [age]=23 [sex]="male")

echo ${array4[@]}
echo ${array5[@]}


5-判断语句.sh

#!/bin/bash

num=$1

if [ -z $num ]; then        #长度为0则成立
	echo "请输入参数"
	exit
fi


if [ $num -eq 100 ]; then   #判断相等
	echo "等于100"
elif [ $num -gt 100 ]; then
	echo "大于100"
elif [ $num -lt 100 ]; then
	echo "小于100"
fi

6-case.sh

#!/bin/bash

read num
case $num in
	[a-z])
		echo "小写字母";;
	[A-Z])
		echo "大写字母";;
	[0-9])
		echo "数字";;
	*)
		echo "未知";;
esac

7-while.sh

#!/bin/bash

while read i
do
	echo $i
done < $1

8-for.sh

#!/bin/bash

for ((i=0;i<5;i++))
do
	mkdir $i
	cd $i
	echo "this is $i" > $i
	cd ..
done

for i in 0 1 2 3 4
do
	cd $i
	echo "hello $i" > $i
	cd ..
done

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Shell脚本高级编程教程,希望对你有所帮助。 Example 10-23. Using continue N in an actual task: 1 # Albert Reiner gives an example of how to use "continue N": 2 # --------------------------------------------------------- 3 4 # Suppose I have a large number of jobs that need to be run, with 5 #+ any data that is to be treated in files of a given name pattern in a 6 #+ directory. There are several machines that access this directory, and 7 #+ I want to distribute the work over these different boxen. Then I 8 #+ usually nohup something like the following on every box: 9 10 while true 11 do 12 for n in .iso.* 13 do 14 [ "$n" = ".iso.opts" ] && continue 15 beta=${n#.iso.} 16 [ -r .Iso.$beta ] && continue 17 [ -r .lock.$beta ] && sleep 10 && continue 18 lockfile -r0 .lock.$beta || continue 19 echo -n "$beta: " `date` 20 run-isotherm $beta 21 date 22 ls -alF .Iso.$beta 23 [ -r .Iso.$beta ] && rm -f .lock.$beta 24 continue 2 25 done 26 break 27 done 28 29 # The details, in particular the sleep N, are particular to my 30 #+ application, but the general pattern is: 31 32 while true 33 do 34 for job in {pattern} 35 do 36 {job already done or running} && continue 37 {mark job as running, do job, mark job as done} 38 continue 2 39 done 40 break # Or something like `sleep 600' to avoid termination. 41 done 42 43 # This way the script will stop only when there are no more jobs to do 44 #+ (including jobs that were added during runtime). Through the use 45 #+ of appropriate lockfiles it can be run on several machines 46 #+ concurrently without duplication of calculations [which run a couple 47 #+ of hours in my case, so I really want to avoid this]. Also, as search 48 #+ always starts again from the beginning, one can encode priorities in 49 #+ the file names. Of course, one could also do this without `continue 2', 50 #+ but then one would have to actually check whether or not some job 51 #+ was done (so that we should immediately look for the next job) or not 52 #+ (in which case we terminate or sleep for a long time before checking 53 #+ for a new job).

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