GYM 100796 F.Unusual Sum（水~）

Description

计算$\sum\limits_{k=l}^r\frac{1}{k^2+k}$

Input

第一行一整数$T$表示用例组数，每组用例输入两个整数$l,r$表示一次查询$(1\le n\le 10^5,1\le l\le r\le 10^{18})$

Output

对于每组用例输出答案，误差不超过$10^{-9}$

Sample Input

3
1 2
34 76
4 4

Sample Output

0.666666666667
0.016424751719
0.050000000000

Solution

$\sum\limits_{k=l}^r\frac{1}{k^2+k}=\sum\limits_{k=l}^r(\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1})=\frac{1}{l}-\frac{1}{r+1}$

Code

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<ctime>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int,int>P;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f,maxn=100001;
int main()
{
    int T;
    ll l,r;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {
        scanf("%I64d%I64d",&l,&r);
        double ans=1.0/l-1.0/(r+1);
        printf("%.10f\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}