go-切片概念

func updateSlice(s []int) {
	s[0] = 100
}

func main() {
	arr := [...]int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

	fmt.Println("arr[2:6] =", arr[2:6])
	fmt.Println("arr[:6] =", arr[:6])
	s1 := arr[2:]
	fmt.Println("s1 =", s1)
	s2 := arr[:]
	fmt.Println("s2 =", s2)

	fmt.Println("After updateSlice(s1)")
	updateSlice(s1)
	fmt.Println(s1)
	fmt.Println(arr)

	fmt.Println("After updateSlice(s2)")
	updateSlice(s2)
	fmt.Println(s2)
	fmt.Println(arr)

	fmt.Println("Reslice")
	fmt.Println(s2)
	s2 = s2[:5]
	fmt.Println(s2)
	s2 = s2[2:]
	fmt.Println(s2)

	fmt.Println("Extending slice")
	arr[0], arr[2] = 0, 2
	fmt.Println("arr =", arr)
	s1 = arr[2:6]
	s2 = s1[3:5] // [s1[3], s1[4]]
	fmt.Printf("s1=%v, len(s1)=%d, cap(s1)=%d\n",
		s1, len(s1), cap(s1))
	fmt.Printf("s2=%v, len(s2)=%d, cap(s2)=%d\n",
		s2, len(s2), cap(s2))

	s3 := append(s2, 10)
	s4 := append(s3, 11)
	s5 := append(s4, 12)
	fmt.Println("s3, s4, s5 =", s3, s4, s5)
	// s4 and s5 no longer view arr.
	fmt.Println("arr =", arr)
}

运行结果：

arr[2:6] = [2 3 4 5]
arr[:6] = [0 1 2 3 4 5]
s1 = [2 3 4 5 6 7]
s2 = [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7]
After updateSlice(s1)
[100 3 4 5 6 7]
[0 1 100 3 4 5 6 7]
After updateSlice(s2)
[100 1 100 3 4 5 6 7]
[100 1 100 3 4 5 6 7]
Reslice
[100 1 100 3 4 5 6 7]
[100 1 100 3 4]
[100 3 4]
Extending slice
arr = [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7]
s1=[2 3 4 5], len(s1)=4, cap(s1)=6
s2=[5 6], len(s2)=2, cap(s2)=3
s3, s4, s5 = [5 6 10] [5 6 10 11] [5 6 10 11 12]
arr = [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10]

总结：

slice可以向后扩展，不可以向前扩展

s[i]不可以超越len(s)，向后扩展不可以超越底层数组cap(s)