正则表达式Regular Expression

Regular Expression正则表达式

正则表达式(regular expression)描述了一种字符串匹配的模式（pattern），可以用来检查一个串是否含有某种子串、将匹配的子串替换或者从某个串中取出符合某个条件的子串等。

Using the Test Method

let myString = "Hello, World!";
let myRegex = /Hello/;
let result = myRegex.test(myString);

Match Literal Strings

let waldoIsHiding = "Somewhere Waldo is hiding in this text.";
let waldoRegex = /Waldo/; // Change this line
let result = waldoRegex.test(waldoIsHiding);

Match a Literal String with Different Possibilities

let petString = "James has a pet cat.";
let petRegex = /dog|cat|bird|fish/; // Change this line
let result = petRegex.test(petString);

Ignore Case While Matching

let myString = "freeCodeCamp";
let fccRegex = /freecodecamp/i; // Change this line
let result = fccRegex.test(myString);

Extract Matches

let extractStr = "Extract the word 'coding' from this string.";
let codingRegex = /coding/; // Change this line
let result = extractStr.match(codingRegex); // Change this line

Find More Than the First Match

let twinkleStar = "Twinkle, twinkle, little star";
let starRegex = /Twinkle/gi; // Change this line
let result = twinkleStar.match(starRegex); // Change this line

Match Anything with Wildcard Period

let exampleStr = "Let's have fun with regular expressions!";
let unRegex = /.un/; // Change this line
let result = unRegex.test(exampleStr);

Match Single Character with Multiple Possibilities

let quoteSample = "Beware of bugs in the above code; I have only proved it correct, not tried it.";
let vowelRegex = /[aeiou]/gi; // Change this line
let result = quoteSample.match(vowelRegex); // Change this line

Match Letters of the Alphabet

let quoteSample = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.";
let alphabetRegex = /[a-z]/gi; // Change this line
let result = quoteSample.match(alphabetRegex); // Change this line

Match Numbers and Letters of the Alphabet

let quoteSample = "Blueberry 3.141592653s are delicious.";
let myRegex = /[h-s2-6]/gi; // Change this line
let result = quoteSample.match(myRegex); // Change this line

Match Single Characters Not Specified

let quoteSample = "3 blind mice.";
let myRegex = /[^0-9aeiou]/gi; // Change this line
let result = quoteSample.match(myRegex); // Change this line

Match Characters that Occur One or More Times

let difficultSpelling = "Mississippi";
let myRegex = /s+/gi; // Change this line
let result = difficultSpelling.match(myRegex);

Match Characters that Occur Zero or More Times

let chewieQuote = "Aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaarrrgh!";
let chewieRegex = /Aa*/; // Change this line
let result = chewieQuote.match(chewieRegex);

Find Characters with Lazy Matching

let text = "<h1>Winter is coming</h1>";
let myRegex = /<h1?>/; // Change this line
let result = text.match(myRegex);

Find One or More Criminals in a Hunt

// example crowd gathering
let crowd = 'P1P2P3P4P5P6CCCP7P8P9';

let reCriminals = /C+/; // Change this line

let matchedCriminals = crowd.match(reCriminals);
console.log(matchedCriminals);

Match Beginning String Patterns

let rickyAndCal = "Cal and Ricky both like racing.";
let calRegex = /^Cal/; // Change this line
let result = calRegex.test(rickyAndCal);

Match Ending String Patterns

let caboose = "The last car on a train is the caboose";
let lastRegex = /caboose$/; // Change this line
let result = lastRegex.test(caboose);

Match All Letters and Numbers

let quoteSample = "The five boxing wizards jump quickly.";
let alphabetRegexV2 = /\w/gi; // Change this line
let result = quoteSample.match(alphabetRegexV2).length;

Match Everything But Letters and Numbers

let quoteSample = "The five boxing wizards jump quickly.";
let nonAlphabetRegex = /\W/gi; // Change this line
let result = quoteSample.match(nonAlphabetRegex).length;

Match All Numbers

let numString = "Your sandwich will be $5.00";
let numRegex = /\d/g; // Change this line
let result = numString.match(numRegex).length;

Match All Non-Numbers

let numString = "Your sandwich will be $5.00";
let noNumRegex = /\D/g; // Change this line
let result = numString.match(noNumRegex).length;

Restrict Possible Usernames

let username = "JackOfAllTrades";
let userCheck = /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z]\d*$/i; //let userCheck =/^[a-z]{2,}\d*$/i；
let result = userCheck.test(username);

Match Whitespace

let sample = "Whitespace is important in separating words";
let countWhiteSpace = /\s/g; // Change this line
let result = sample.match(countWhiteSpace);

Match Non-Whitespace Characters

let sample = "Whitespace is important in separating words";
let countNonWhiteSpace = /\S/g; // Change this line
let result = sample.match(countNonWhiteSpace);

Specify Upper and Lower Number of Matches

let ohStr = "Ohhh no";
let ohRegex = /Oh{3,6}\sno/; // Change this line
let result = ohRegex.test(ohStr);

Specify Only the Lower Number of Matches

let haStr = "Hazzzzah";
let haRegex = /z{4,}/; // Change this line
let result = haRegex.test(haStr);

Specify Exact Number of Matches

let timStr = "Timmmmber";
let timRegex = /Tim{4}ber/; // Change this line
let result = timRegex.test(timStr);

Check for All or None

let favWord = "favorite";
let favRegex = /favou?rite/; // Change this line
let result = favRegex.test(favWord);

Positive and Negative Lookahead

let sampleWord = "astronaut";
let pwRegex = /(?=\w{5,})(?=\D*\d{2})/; // Change this line
let result = pwRegex.test(sampleWord);

Reuse Patterns Using Capture Groups

let repeatNum = "42 42 42";
let reRegex = /^(\d+)\s\1\s\1$/; // Change this line
let result = reRegex.test(repeatNum);

Use Capture Groups to Search and Replace

let huhText = "This sandwich is good.";
let fixRegex = /good/; // Change this line
let replaceText = "okey-dokey"; // Change this line
let result = huhText.replace(fixRegex, replaceText);

Remove Whitespace from Start and End

let hello = "   Hello, World!  ";
let wsRegex = /^\s*|\s*$/g; // Change this line
let result = hello.replace(wsRegex, ''); // Change this line