freeCodeCamp: Basic Data Structures 基础数据结构

freeCodeCamp: Basic Data Structures

Use an Array to Store a Collection of Data

此答案不唯一：

let yourArray = [
    "you're so cute!",
    1,
    true,
    false,
    {
        true: 1,
        false: 0
    }
]; // change this line

Access an Array’s Contents Using Bracket Notation

let myArray = ["a", "b", "c", "d"];
// change code below this line
myArray[1] = "lovely";
//change code above this line
console.log(myArray);

Add Items to an Array with push() and unshift()

function mixedNumbers(arr) {
  // change code below this line
    arr.unshift("I", 2, "three");
    arr.push(7, "VIII", 9);
  // change code above this line
  return arr;
}

// do not change code below this line
console.log(mixedNumbers(['IV', 5, 'six']));

Remove Items from an Array with pop() and shift()

function popShift(arr) {
  let popped = arr.pop(); // change this line
  let shifted = arr.shift(); // change this line
  return [shifted, popped];
}

// do not change code below this line
console.log(popShift(['challenge', 'is', 'not', 'complete']));

Remove Items Using splice()

function sumOfTen(arr) {
  // change code below this line
  arr.splice(2, 2);
  // change code above this line
  return arr.reduce((a, b) => a + b);
}

// do not change code below this line
console.log(sumOfTen([2, 5, 1, 5, 2, 1]));

Add Items Using splice()

function htmlColorNames(arr) {
  // change code below this line
  arr.splice(0, 2, 'DarkSalmon','BlanchedAlmond')
  // change code above this line
  return arr;
} 
 
// do not change code below this line
console.log(htmlColorNames(['DarkGoldenRod', 'WhiteSmoke', 'LavenderBlush', 'PaleTurqoise', 'FireBrick']));

Copy Array Items Using slice()

提取信息，不改变原数组

function forecast(arr) {
  // change code below this line
  arr = arr.slice(2, 4);
  return arr;
}

// do not change code below this line
console.log(forecast(['cold', 'rainy', 'warm', 'sunny', 'cool', 'thunderstorms']));

Copy an Array with the Spread Operator

function copyMachine(arr, num) {
  let newArr = [];
  while (num >= 1) {
    // change code below this line
    newArr.push([...arr]);
    // change code above this line
    num--;
  }
  return newArr;
}

// change code here to test different cases:
console.log(copyMachine([true, false, true], 2));

Combine Arrays with the Spread Operator

function spreadOut() {
  let fragment = ['to', 'code'];
  let sentence = ['learning', ...fragment, 'is', 'fun']; // change this line
  return sentence;
}

// do not change code below this line
console.log(spreadOut());

Check For The Presence of an Element With indexOf()

function quickCheck(arr, elem) {
  // change code below this line
  let num = arr.indexOf(elem);
  return num < 0 ? false : true;
  // change code above this line
}

// change code here to test different cases:
console.log(quickCheck(['squash', 'onions', 'shallots'], 'mushrooms'));

Iterate Through All an Array’s Items Using For Loops

function filteredArray(arr, elem) {
  let newArr = [];
  // change code below this line
  for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
    if (arr[i].indexOf(elem) == -1) {
      newArr.push(arr[i]);
    }
    
  }
  // change code above this line
  return newArr;
}

// change code here to test different cases:
console.log(filteredArray([[3, 2, 3], [1, 6, 3], [3, 13, 26], [19, 3, 9]], 3));

Create complex multi-dimensional arrays

此答案非常不唯一：

let myNestedArray = [//1
  // change code below this line
  ['unshift',//2
    [false, 1, 2, 3,],
    'complex', 
    'nested',
    ['deep'],
    [//3
      [//4
        ['loop', 'shift','deepest'],//5
        [6, 7, 1000, 'method']
      ],
      [6, 7, 1000, 'method','deeper']
    ],

  ],
  ['concat', false, true, 'spread', 'array'],
  ['mutate', 1327.98, 'splice', 'slice', 'push'],
  ['iterate', 1.3849, 7, '8.4876', 'arbitrary', 'depth']
  // change code above this line
];

Add Key-Value Pairs to JavaScript Objects

let foods = {
  apples: 25,
  oranges: 32,
  plums: 28
};

// change code below this line
foods.bananas = 13;
foods.grapes = 35;
foods.strawberries = 27;
// change code above this line

console.log(foods);

Modify an Object Nested Within an Object

let userActivity = {
  id: 23894201352,
  date: 'January 1, 2017',
  data: {
    totalUsers: 51,
    online: 42
  }
};

// change code below this line
userActivity.data.online = 45;
// change code above this line

console.log(userActivity);

Access Property Names with Bracket Notation

let foods = {
  apples: 25,
  oranges: 32,
  plums: 28,
  bananas: 13,
  grapes: 35,
  strawberries: 27
};
// do not change code above this line

function checkInventory(scannedItem) {
  // change code below this line
  return foods[scannedItem];
}

// change code below this line to test different cases:
console.log(checkInventory("apples"));

Use the delete Keyword to Remove Object Properties

let foods = {
  apples: 25,
  oranges: 32,
  plums: 28,
  bananas: 13,
  grapes: 35,
  strawberries: 27
};

// change code below this line
delete foods.oranges;
delete foods.plums;
delete foods.strawberries;
// change code above this line

console.log(foods);

Check if an Object has a Property

let users = {
  Alan: {
    age: 27,
    online: true
  },
  Jeff: {
    age: 32,
    online: true
  },
  Sarah: {
    age: 48,
    online: true
  },
  Ryan: {
    age: 19,
    online: true
  }
};

function isEveryoneHere(obj) {
  // change code below this line
   return users.hasOwnProperty('Alan', 'Jeff', 'Sarah','Ryan') ? true : false;
  // change code above this line
}

console.log(isEveryoneHere(users));

Iterate Through the Keys of an Object with a for…in Statement

let users = {
  Alan: {
    age: 27,
    online: false
  },
  Jeff: {
    age: 32,
    online: true
  },
  Sarah: {
    age: 48,
    online: false
  },
  Ryan: {
    age: 19,
    online: true
  }
};

function countOnline(obj) {
  // change code below this line
  let num = 0;
  for (let i in obj) {
    if (obj[i].online === true) {
      num += 1;
    }
  }
  return num;
  // change code above this line
}

console.log(countOnline(users));

Generate an Array of All Object Keys with Object.keys()

let users = {
  Alan: {
    age: 27,
    online: false
  },
  Jeff: {
    age: 32,
    online: true
  },
  Sarah: {
    age: 48,
    online: false
  },
  Ryan: {
    age: 19,
    online: true
  }
};

function getArrayOfUsers(obj) {
  // change code below this line
  return Object.keys(obj);
  // change code above this line
}

console.log(getArrayOfUsers(users));

Modify an Array Stored in an Object

let user = {
  name: 'Kenneth',
  age: 28,
  data: {
    username: 'kennethCodesAllDay',
    joinDate: 'March 26, 2016',
    organization: 'freeCodeCamp',
    friends: [
      'Sam',
      'Kira',
      'Tomo'
    ],
    location: {
      city: 'San Francisco',
      state: 'CA',
      country: 'USA'
    }
  }
};

function addFriend(userObj, friend) {
  // change code below this line  
  userObj.data.friends.push(friend);
  return userObj.data.friends
  // change code above this line
}

console.log(addFriend(user, 'Pete'));