数据库基础

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 19:55:29 发布
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分类专栏： 数据库 文章标签： 数据库 table nested constructor insert object
Oracle Types
Version 10.2
 
General Information
Object types and other user-defined types allow for the definition of data types that model the structure and behavior of the data in an application.
Related Data Dictionary Objects collection$
source$
type$
dba_coll_typesall_coll_typesuser_coll_types
dba_dependenciesall_dependenciesuser_dependencies
dba_sourceall_sourceuser_source
dba_typesall_typesuser_types
dba_varraysall_varraysuser_varrays
System Privileges Related To TypesCREATE TYPE
CREATE ANY TYPE
DROP ANY TYPE
 
Create Type Header
Single Column  Object DeclarationCREATE OR REPLACE TYPE <type_name>
AUTHID <CURRENT USER | DEFINER>
AS OBJECT (
<attribute> <attribute data_type>,
<inheritance clause>,
<subprogram spec>)
<FINAL | NOT FINAL> <INSTANTIABLE | NOT INSTANTIABLE>;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE ssn_t AS OBJECT (
ssn_type CHAR(11));
/

-- examine type definition
SELECT *
FROM user_source
WHERE name = 'SSN_T';

CREATE TABLE ssn (
per_id NUMBER(10),
per_ssn ssn_t);

desc SSN

-- examine table columns
SELECT column_name, data_type
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = 'SSN';

INSERT INTO ssn VALUES (1, '123-45-6789');

INSERT INTO ssn VALUES (1, ssn_t('123-45-6789'));

SELECT * FROM ssn;

UPDATE ssn
SET per_ssn = ssn_t('111-22-3333');

SELECT * FROM ssn;

INSERT INTO ssn VALUES (1, ssn_t('999-88-7777'));

SELECT * FROM ssn;

UPDATE ssn
SET per_ssn = ssn_t('456-56-0841')
WHERE per_ssn = ssn_t('111-22-3333');

SELECT * FROM ssn;

Multicolumn Object Declaration		CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE <type_name> AS OBJECT (
<column_name> <data_type>,
...,
<column_name> <data_type>);
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE phone_t AS OBJECT (
a_code   CHAR(3),
p_number CHAR(8));
/

-- examine type definition
SELECT *
FROM user_source
WHERE name = 'PHONE_T';

CREATE TABLE phone (
per_id    NUMBER(10),
per_phone phone_t);

set describe depth all

desc phone

-- examine table columns
col data_type format a15
col data_type_owner format a15

SELECT column_name, data_type, data_type_mod, data_type_owner
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = 'PHONE';

INSERT INTO phone
(per_id, per_phone)
VALUES
(1, phone_t('206', '555-1212'));

INSERT INTO phone
(per_id, per_phone)
VALUES
(2, phone_t('212', '123-4567'));

SELECT * FROM phone;

SELECT per_id FROM phone;

SELECT per_id, per_phone
FROM phone;

-- selective select
SELECT *
FROM phone p
WHERE p.per_phone.a_code = '206';

SELECT p.per_phone.p_number
FROM phone p
WHERE p.per_phone.a_code = '206';

-- selective update
UPDATE phone p
SET p.per_id = 9
WHERE p.per_id = 1;

SELECT * FROM phone;

UPDATE phone p
SET p.per_phone.a_code = '303'
WHERE p.per_phone.a_code = '206';

SELECT * FROM phone;

-- selective delete
DELETE FROM phone p
WHERE p.per_id = 2;

SELECT * FROM phone;

DELETE FROM phone p
WHERE p.per_phone.a_code = '206';

SELECT * FROM phone;
 
Create Subtype
 CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE <type_name>
AUTHID <CURRENT USER | DEFINER>
UNDER <supertype_name>,
<attribute> <data_type>,
<inheritance clause> <subprogram spec>, <pragma clause>)
<FINAL | NOT FINAL> <INSTANTIABLE | NOT INSTANTIABLE>;
/
-- create object supertype
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE person_typ AS OBJECT (
ssn NUMBER(9), name VARCHAR2(30), address VARCHAR2(100))
NOT FINAL;
/

-- derive collection type from supertype
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE person_tab_typ AS TABLE OF person_typ;
/

-- derive object subtype from object supertype
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE student_typ UNDER person_typ (
deptid NUMBER, major VARCHAR2(30))
NOT FINAL;
/

-- derive collection type from subtype
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE student_tab_typ
AS TABLE OF student_typ;
/

-- create nested table from the two collection
CREATE TABLE test (
regular_field       DATE,
person_nested_tab   person_tab_typ,
student_nested_tab  student_tab_typ)
NESTED TABLE person_nested_tab STORE AS per_tab
NESTED TABLE student_nested_tab STORE AS stu_tab;

desc test
desc per_tab
desc stu_tab
 
Create Type Body
Create A Collection From An Object. 
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE people_typ AS OBJECT (
last_name     VARCHAR2(25),
department_id NUMBER(4),
salary NUMBER(8,2));
/

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE people_tab_typ AS TABLE OF people_typ;
/

CREATE TABLE hr_info (
department_id NUMBER(4),
location_id   NUMBER(4),
manager_id    NUMBER(6),
people        people_tab_typ)
NESTED TABLE people STORE AS people_stor_tab;

DESC hr_info

INSERT INTO hr_info
VALUES
(100, 1800, 999, people_tab_typ());

INSERT INTO hr_info
VALUES
(200, 2000, 881, people_tab_typ());

SELECT * FROM hr_info;
Create Type As Variable 
 
Create Type As Variable In Package Header 
 
 
Row Data Type Declaration 
 
Array Data Type Declaration 
TYPE ARRAY IS TABLE OF all_objects%ROWTYPE;
l_data ARRAY;
 
Create Type Header As Database Object
Type Collection Of A User Defined Object Data TypeCREATE OR REPLACE TYPE <type_name> AS TABLE OF  <user_defined_data_type>;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE phones_tab_t AS TABLE OF phone_t;
/

SELECT object_name, object_type
FROM user_objects;

SELECT type_name, typecode
FROM user_types;

SELECT type_name, coll_type
FROM user_coll_types;
Heap Table Of A User Defined Data Object TypeCREATE TABLE <table_name>
column_name <user_defined_data_type);
CREATE TABLE test (
person_id   NUMBER(10),
per_phones  phone_t);

desc test

COL data_type FORMAT a40

SELECT column_name, data_type
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = 'TEST';
Heap Table Of With A  User Defined Data Object Type As A Nested TableCREATE TABLE <table_name> (
column_name   <user_defined_data_type>)
NESTED TABLE <column_name> STORE AS <name_of_nested_table>;
CREATE TABLE person (
person_id     NUMBER(10),
first_name    VARCHAR2(25),
middle_inits  VARCHAR2(4),
last_name     VARCHAR2(25),
name_suffix   VARCHAR2(5),
title_1       VARCHAR2(5),
title_2       VARCHAR2(5),
dob           DATE,
ssn           VARCHAR2(11),
address_id    NUMBER(10),
person_phones phones_tab_t,
email_address VARCHAR2(30),
ok_to_mail    VARCHAR2(1),
active_flag   VARCHAR2(1))
NESTED TABLE person_phones STORE AS phones_tab
TABLESPACE uwdata;

desc person

COL table_name FORMAT a30
COL table_type_name FORMAT a20
COL parent_table_column FORMAT a25

SELECT table_name, table_type_name, parent_table_column
FROM user_nested_tables;
Insert Into Parent And Nested TableINSERT INTO <table_name>
(<column_name_list>)
VALUES
(<list_of_column_values>, <table_type_constructor>(<type_constructor(<type_values>)));
INSERT INTO person
(person_id, last_name, person_phones)
VALUES
(1, 'Morgan', phones_tab_t(phone_t('C', '206-555-1212')));

INSERT INTO person
(person_id, last_name, person_phones)
VALUES
(2, 'Cline', phones_tab_t(phone_t('C', '425-555-1212')));
Insert Into Nested TableINSERT INTO TABLE (
SELECT <nested_table_column_name>
FROM <table_name>
WHERE <column_name> <condition <value>)
VALUES
(<column_value>, <column_value>);
INSERT INTO TABLE(
SELECT person_phones
FROM person
WHERE person_id = 1)
VALUES
('H','206-987-6543');

SELECT t1.person_id, last_name, t2.*
FROM person t1, TABLE(t1.person_phones) t2;
Select From Nested TableSELECT <column_name_list> FROM <table_name>;
SELECT * FROM person;
Select From Nested Table With TABLE FunctionSELECT <column_name_list, <tested_table_column_list>
FROM <table> <alias>, TABLE (<alias.nested_table_name> <alias>;
SELECT person_id, last_name, t2.*
FROM person t1, TABLE(t1.person_phones) t2;
Update All Nested Table RowsUPDATE person
SET person_phones =   <table_constructor>(<type_constructor(<column_values>));
UPDATE person
SET person_phones = phones_tab_t(phone_t('H', '360-555-1212'))
WHERE person_id = 2;
Update Selected Nested Table RowsUPDATE TABLE (
<nested_select_statment>) <alias>
SET <nested_column> = <value>
WHERE <alias.nested_column_name> <condition> <value>;
UPDATE TABLE (
SELECT person_phones
FROM person
WHERE person_id = 1) p
SET p.phone_type = 'W'
WHERE p.phone_number = '206-987-6543';

SELECT t1.person_id, last_name, t2.*
FROM person t1, TABLE(t1.person_phones) t2;
Delete From Nested TableDELETE TABLE (
<nested_select_statment>) <alias>
WHERE <alias.nested_column_name> <condition> <value>;
DELETE TABLE (
SELECT person_phones
FROM person
WHERE person_id = 1) p
WHERE p.phone_number = '206-987-6543';
SELECT a_code FROM TABLE (
SELECT per_phone
FROM phone h) p
WHERE 1=1;
Create Type Header As Database Varray
User Defined Object Data Type-- same as above

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE <type_name> AS OBJECT (
<column_name> <data_type>);
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE title_t AS OBJECT (
title_name VARCHAR2(5));
/

SELECT type_name, typecode
FROM user_types;
Define VARRAY Of Object TypeCREATE TYPE TitleList AS VARRAY(<integer>) OF <data_type>;
/

SELECT type_name, typecode
FROM user_types;
CREATE TYPE TitleList AS VARRAY(3) OF title_t;
/

SELECT type_name, typecode
FROM user_types;
Heap Table With Nested VarrayCREATE TABLE <table_name> (
column_name  varray_name);
DROP TABLE person;

CREATE TABLE person (
person_id     NUMBER(10),
first_name    VARCHAR2(25),
middle_inits  VARCHAR2(4),
last_name     VARCHAR2(25),
name_suffix   VARCHAR2(5),
person_titles title_t,
dob           DATE,
ssn           VARCHAR2(11),
address_id    NUMBER(10),
person_phones phones_tab_t,
email_address VARCHAR2(30),
ok_to_mail    VARCHAR2(1),
active_flag   VARCHAR2(1))
NESTED TABLE person_phones STORE AS phones_tab
TABLESPACE uwdata;

desc person

COL parent_table_column FORMAT a30

SELECT parent_table_name, parent_table_column, type_name
FROM user_varrays;
-- note there is no record
Insert Into Parent, Varray,  And Nested TableINSERT INTO <table_name>
(<column_name_list>)
VALUES
(<list_of_column_values>,
<varray_constructor>(<varray_values>) <table_type_constructor>(<type_constructor(<type_values>)));
INSERT INTO person
(person_id, last_name, person_titles, person_phones)
VALUES
(1, 'Morgan', title_t('PhD'),
phones_tab_t(phone_t('C', '206-555-1212')));

INSERT INTO person
(person_id, last_name, person_titles, person_phones)
VALUES
(2, 'Cline', title_t('MD'),
phones_tab_t(phone_t('C', '425-555-1212')));
Insert Into Nested Varray 


COL person_titles FORMAT a20

SELECT t1.person_id, last_name, person_titles, t2.*
FROM person t1, TABLE(t1.person_phones) t2;
Select From Nested TableSELECT <column_name_list> FROM <table_name>;
SELECT person_id, last_name, person_titles, person_phones
FROM person;
Select From Nested Table With TABLE FunctionSELECT <column_name_list, <tested_table_column_list>
FROM <table> <alias>, TABLE (<alias.nested_table_name> <alias>
SELECT person_id, last_name, t2.*
FROM person t1,
TABLE(t1.person_phones) t2;
Update All Nested Table RowsUPDATE person
SET person_phones =   <table_constructor>(<type_constructor(<column_values>));
UPDATE person
SET person_phones = phones_tab_t(phone_t('H', '360-555-1212'))
WHERE person_id = 2;
Update Selected Nested Table RowsUPDATE TABLE (
<nested_select_statment>) <alias>
SET <nested_column> = <value>
WHERE <nested_column_name> <condition> <value>
UPDATE TABLE (
SELECT person_phones
FROM person
WHERE person_id = 1) p
SET p.phone_type = 'W'
WHERE p.phone_number = '206-987-6543';

SELECT t1.person_id, last_name, t2.*
FROM person t1, TABLE(t1.person_phones) t2;
Delete From Nested TableDELETE TABLE (
<nested_select_statment>) <alias>
DELETE TABLE (
SELECT person_phones
FROM person
WHERE person_id = 1) p
WHERE p.phone_number = '206-987-6543';
 
Create Type Body (always as a database object)
Create TypeCREATE OR REPLACE TYPE ssn AS OBJECT (
ssn_type CHAR(11));
/
Create Type Specification (Header)CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE ssn AS OBJECT (
n_ CHAR(11),
CONSTRUCTOR FUNCTION ssn(n IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN self AS result,
MEMBER FUNCTION get_ssn RETURN CHAR);
/
Create Type BodyCREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY ssn IS

CONSTRUCTOR FUNCTION ssn(ssn_in IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN self AS RESULT IS

BEGIN
  IF TRANSLATE(ssn_in, 'A0123456789', 'BAAAAAAAAAA') =
    'AAA-AA-AAAA' THEN
    n_ := ssn_in;
    RETURN;
  ELSE
    RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'INVALID SSN');
  END IF;
END;

MEMBER FUNCTION get_ssn RETURN CHAR IS

BEGIN
   RETURN n_;
END;

END;
/
Create Object TableCREATE TABLE person (
per_name VARCHAR2(20),
per_ssn  SSN);
Test SSN Data TypeDECLARE

myssn ssn;

BEGIN
   myssn := ssn(n=>'232-22-5678');
   INSERT INTO person VALUES ('Morgan', myssn);

-- myssn := ssn(n=>'444=55-6789');
-- INSERT INTO person VALUES ('Morgan', myssn);

   myssn := ssn(n=>'123-45-6789');
   INSERT INTO person VALUES ('Cline', myssn);
   COMMIT;
END;
/
 
Alter Type
Alter Type DemoALTER TYPE <type name> ADD ATTRIBUTE (<atribute name> <data type>) CASCADE;
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE phone_t AS OBJECT (
a_code   CHAR(3),
p_number CHAR(8)) NOT FINAL;
/

desc phone_t

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE phone_t_tab AS TABLE OF phone_t;
/

desc phone_t_tab

--produces an error
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE phone_t AS OBJECT (
country_code CHAR(3),
area_code    CHAR(3),
phone_number CHAR(8));
/

ALTER TYPE phone_t ADD ATTRIBUTE (country_code CHAR(3)) CASCADE;

desc phone_t
 
Drop Type
Dropping a Type DROP TYPE <type_name>
DROP TABLE person;

DROP TYPE phones_tab_t;
DROP TYPE phone_t;
 
Type Inheritance
Create Supertype CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE person_typ AS OBJECT (
ssn NUMBER(9), name VARCHAR2(30), address VARCHAR2(100))
NOT FINAL;
/
Create Type From Subtype CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE person_tab_typ AS TABLE OF person_typ;
/
Create Subtype CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE student_typ UNDER person_typ (
deptid NUMBER, major VARCHAR2(30))
NOT FINAL;
/
Create Type From Subtype CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE student_tab_typ
AS TABLE OF student_typ;
/
Create Table With Two
Nested Tables 		CREATE TABLE test (
regular_field       DATE,
person_nested_tab   person_tab_typ,
student_nested_tab  student_tab_typ)
NESTED TABLE person_nested_tab STORE AS per_tab
NESTED TABLE student_nested_tab STORE AS stu_tab;

desc test
desc per_tab
desc stu_tab

Insert A Row 		INSERT INTO test
VALUES
(SYSDATE, person_tab_typ(), student_tab_typ(student_typ(987654321, 'Cline', 'PO Box 0', 101, 'Computer Science')));

INSERT INTO test
VALUES
(SYSDATE, person_tab_typ(), student_tab_typ(student_typ(987654321, 'Cline', 'PO Box 0', 101, 'Computer Science'),
student_typ(12345, 'Starr', '123 Main St', 102, 'Agricultureal Science')));

INSERT INTO test
VALUES
(TRUNC(SYSDATE), person_tab_typ(), student_tab_typ());

SELECT * FROM test;

INSERT INTO TABLE (
SELECT person_nested_tab
FROM test
WHERE regular_field = TRUNC(SYSDATE))
VALUES (111223456, 'Morgan', '123 Main Street');

SELECT * FROM test;

INSERT INTO TABLE (
SELECT student_nested_tab
FROM test
WHERE regular_field = TRUNC(SYSDATE))
VALUES (987654321, 'Cline', 'PO Box 123', 101, 'Frontal Lobotomy Can Be Fun' );

INSERT INTO TABLE (
SELECT student_nested_tab
FROM test
WHERE regular_field = TRUNC(SYSDATE))
VALUES (987654321, 'Cline', 'PO Box 123', 299, 'Advanced Basket Weaving');

SELECT * FROM test;

SET HEAD OFF

SELECT t1.*, t2.*, t3.*
FROM test t1,
     TABLE(person_nested_tab) t2,
     TABLE(student_nested_tab) t3;
 
Hold
Constructor for a Nested TableIn the following example, you pass multiple elements to the constructor CourseList(), which returns a nested table  containing those elements:

DECLARE

TYPE CourseList IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(16);
my_courses CourseList;

BEGIN
my_courses := CourseList('Econ 2010','Acct 3401','Mgmt 3100');
END;
/

Because a PL/SQL table does not have a declared maximum size, you can put as many elements in the constructor as necessary.

DECLARE

TYPE CourseList IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(16);
my_courses CourseList;

BEGIN
  my_courses := CourseList('Econ 2010','Acct 3401','Mgmt 3100');
  my_courses := CourseList('Math 2022','Acct 3431','Mgmt 3100');
  my_courses := CourseList('Phys 2299','Chem 9876');
  my_courses := CourseList('Food 9999');
  my_courses := CourseList('Orcl 3456','Math 3434','Hist 1040');
END;
/
Defining a Type as a database objectCREATE OR REPLACE TYPE CourseList AS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(64);
/
Defining Types in a package headerCREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE xyz IS

TYPE CourseList IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(64);

TYPE PartNum IS TABLE OF parent.part_num%TYPE
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;

END;
/
 
set serveroutput on

DECLARE
 TYPE demo IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(32767);
 x demo;
BEGIN
  x := demo(RPAD('X', 32766, 'Z'));
  dbms_output.put_line(x(1));
END;
/
 
CREATE TYPE data_typ AS OBJECT
(year NUMBER, MEMBER FUNCTION prod(invent NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER);

CREATE TYPE BODY data_typ IS

MEMBER FUNCTION prod (invent NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
    RETURN (year + invent);
END;

END;
/
 
CREATE TYPE person_t AS OBJECT (name VARCHAR2(100), ssn NUMBER)
NOT FINAL;

CREATE TYPE employee_t UNDER person_t
(department_id NUMBER, salary NUMBER) NOT FINAL;

CREATE TYPE part_time_emp_t UNDER employee_t (num_hrs NUMBER);
 
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE emp_type  AS OBJECT (
eno NUMBER, ename CHAR(31) , eaddr addr_t);
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE phone_t AS OBJECT (
a_code   CHAR(3),
p_number  CHAR(8));
/
 
-- user defined data type for use by function
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE InStrTab IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(4000);
/

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION contains_all (useridin dms_user.id%TYPE, stringin VARCHAR2, checkint INTEGER) RETURN INTEGER IS

 i BINARY_INTEGER;
 my_table dbms_utility.uncl_array;
 stringary InStrTab;

BEGIN
  -- convert stringin of domain ids into a PL/SQL table
  dbms_utility.comma_to_table(stringin, i, my_table);
  -- initialize a collection
  stringary := InStrTab('');
  -- extend the collection to the size of the PL/SQL table
  stringary.EXTEND(my_table.COUNT);

  -- for each element in the PL/SQL table
  FOR j IN 1 .. my_table.COUNT
  LOOP
    -- remove the double-quotes
    my_table(j) := TRANSLATE(my_table(j), 'A"', 'A');
    -- assign it to an element in the array
    stringary(j) := my_table(j);
  END LOOP;

  -- check the count of array elements found in the user_domain_map table
  SELECT COUNT(*)
  INTO i
  FROM zuser_domain_map
  WHERE user_id = useridin
  AND domain_id IN (
    SELECT column_value
    FROM TABLE(CAST(stringary AS InStrTab)));

  -- compare the number found agains the checksum
  IF i >= checkint THEN
    RETURN 1;
  ELSE
    RETURN 0;
  END IF;
END contains_all;
/

How to test:

SELECT contains_all(121, '"200","201","207"',3)
FROM dual;
 
Related Topics
Collections
Nested Tables
REF Cursors
VArrays
 
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weixin_30566149的博客
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DECLARE ln_phone_id PER_PHONES.PHONE_ID%TYPE; ln_object_version_number PER_PHONES.OBJECT_VERSION_NUMBER%TYPE; BEGIN -- Create or Update Empl...
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在开发过程中，由于代码量很大，很难记得sql语句的具体位置，这时dba_source就派上用场了。 举几个例子： 1.查test表在哪些地方用到 select * from dba_source where upper(text) like '%TEST%'； 2. 查update test表的地方，有时候test表前面会加schema select * from dba_source
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loryliu的专栏
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什么是dba_source字典视图： 存储所有函数、过程、程序包和Java源的完整的文本，对于你了解一个数据库对象的源代码很有用。存储过程在该视图中是以行为单位进行存储的。dba_source视图中存储的是行为单位拆分的存储过程等对象 如下找到的内容:select * from dba_source where name='SQLPROF_ATTR' and owner='SYS'; owner
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t0nsha's Blog
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Test Code:Connected to Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.7.0 Connected as xxpo SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE color_tab_t AS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(30); 2 / Type created SQL> SQ
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weixin_45476535的博客
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程序注册端口：1024-49151。单个协议下，端口号不能冲突。公有端口0-1023。
【学习笔记】手写 Tomcat 三
LearnTech_123的博客
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响应动态资源不需要写文件名了，只需要写功能的名称即可。比如登录功能，可以定义名称为 doLogin
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