字符串函数的模拟实现

字符串特性

"hello bit.\n"

1. 这种由双引号引起来的一串字符称为字符串字面值，或者简称字符串。
2. 不存在字符串类型，只有char字符类型不存在字符串类型，只有char字符类型。
3. 字符串以隐藏的\0作为结束标志。
4. 求字符串长度sizeof();，比如sizeof("abc")，结果就是4，因为还有字符字符结束标志0。

转义字符

问题
在屏幕上打印出My English name is "xiaosan"

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
	printf("My English name is \"xiaosan\"\n");
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

在字符串中的"前必须加上\，才能达到预期效果，\的功能就是转义，顾名思义就是转变它默认的含义。聪明的你肯定也看到了\n，没错\n也是转义字符。

常见的转义字符及其含义

模拟实现strcpy

#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<assert.h>
char* my_strcpy(char* dest, const char* src)
{
	char* ret = dest;
	assert(dest);
	assert(src);
	while ((*dest++ = *src++))
	{
		;
	}
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	char a1[50];
	char a2[] = { "哈哈哈！" };
	my_strcpy(a1, a2);
	printf("%s\n", a1);
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strcat

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<assert.h>
char* my_strcat(char* dest,const char* src)
{
	char*ret=dest;
	assert(dest);
	assert(src);
	while(*dest)
	{
		*dest++;
	}
	while((*dest++=*src++))
	{
		;
	}
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	char a1[50]={"我是一个小笨蛋！！！"};
	char a2[]={"对，你就是小笨蛋！！！"};
	my_strcat(a1,a2);
	printf("%s\n",a1);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strstr

#include <stdio.h>
#define pragma warning:4996
#include<Windows.h>
#include<assert.h>

const char *my_strstr(const char*str1, const char *str2)
{
	assert(str1);
	assert(str2);
	const char*cp = (char*)str1;
	const char*substr = (char*)str2;
	const char*s1 = NULL;
	if (*str2 == '\0')
		return NULL;
	while (*cp)
	{
		s1 = cp;
		substr = str2;
		while (*s1&&*substr && (*s1 == *substr))
		{
			s1++;
			substr++;
		}
		if (*substr == '\0')
			return cp;
		cp++;
	}
		return NULL;
}


//const char *my_strstr(const char *str, const char *sub_str)
//{
//	for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
//	{
//		int tem = i; //tem保留主串中的起始判断下标位置 
//		int j = 0;
//		while (str[i++] == sub_str[j++])
//		{
//			if (sub_str[j] == '\0')
//			{
//				return &str[tem];
//			}
//		}
//		i = tem;
//	}
//
//	return NULL;
//}


int main()
{
	char *s = "1233345hello";
	char *sub = "345";
	printf("%s\n", my_strstr(s, sub));
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strchr

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<assert.h>
char *my_strchr(char *s, char c)
{
	assert(s);

	while (*s != !'\0'&&*s!= c)
	{ 
		++s;
	}
	return *s == c ? s : NULL;
}
int main()
{
	char* tmp = 0;
	char string[] = { "I love studying " };
	char c = 's';
	tmp=my_strchr(string, c);
	printf("%s", tmp);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strcmp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
int my_strcmp(char*src, char*dest)
{
	int ret = 0;
	while (!(ret = *(unsigned char*)src - *(unsigned char*)dest) && *dest)
		++src , ++dest;

	if (ret < 0)
		ret = -1;
	else if (ret>0)
		ret = 1;
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	char str1[12] = "I love zou!";
	char str2[13]= "I love zhou!";
	
	printf("%d\n", my_strcmp(&str1, &str2));
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现memcpy

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
void* my_memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count)
{
	void *ret = dest;


	while (count--)
	{
		*(char*)dest = *(char*)src;
		dest = (char*)dest + 1;
		src = (char*)src + 1;
	}
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	char mem1[30] = { "This a memcpy test!" };
	char mem2[30] = { 0 };
	int i = 0;
	my_memcpy(mem2, mem1, 20);
	for (i=0; i < 30; i++)
	{
		printf("%c", mem2[i]);
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现memmove

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
void*my_memmove(void*dest,const void*src,size_t count)
{
	char*ret = (char*)dest;
	if (dest <= src || (char*)dest >= (char*)src + count){
		while (count--){
			*(char*)dest = *(char*)src;
			dest = (char*)dest + 1;
			src = (char*)src + 1;
		}
	}
	else{
		dest = (char*)dest + count - 1;
		src = (char*)src + count - 1;
		while (count--){
			*(char*)dest =*(char*) src;
			dest = (char*)dest - 1;
			src = (char*)src - 1;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	int arr1[10] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
	int arr2[10] = { 0 };
	int i = 0;
	my_memmove(arr2,arr1,40);
	for (; i < 10; i++)
	{
		printf("%d,", arr2[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strncpy

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<assert.h>
char* my_strncpy(char*dest,const char*src,size_t num)
{
	char* ret=dest;
	unsigned int i=0;
	assert(dest);
	assert(src);
	for(i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		*dest++=*src++;
	}
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	char s1[50]="I don't want to break!!!";
	char s2[]="But vacation is coming!!!";
	my_strncpy(s1,s2,40);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strncat

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<assert.h>
char* my_strncat(char* dest,const char* src,size_t num)
{
	char* ret=dest;
	unsigned int i=0;
	assert(dest);
	assert(src);
	while(*dest)
	{
		dest++;
	}
	for(i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		*dest++=*src++;
	}
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	char s1[100]="I don't want to break!!!";
	char s2[]="But the vacation is coming!!!";
	my_strncat(s1,s2,50);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

模拟实现strncmp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<assert.h>
int my_strncmp(char*s1, char*s2, size_t n )
{
	assert(s1);
	assert(s2);

	int tmp=0;
	int count=0;
	tmp = ((*((int*)s1) - *((int*)s2)) && (s1++) && (s2++)&&((count++)<((int*)n)));
	if (tmp>0)
		return 1;
	else if (tmp < 0)
		return -1;
	else
		return 0;
}
int main()
{
	int tmp;
	char str1[] = { "This a test for strncmp!" };
	char str2[] = { "This a test for strcmp!" };
	tmp=my_strncmp(str1, str2, 10);
	printf("%d\n", tmp);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}