Kombu源码分析(二)Producer 消息发布

本文环境python3.5.2，kombu4.6.8系列
本文主要根据kombu官方用例，来分析逐个分析kombu源码，了解kombu中的主要结构和代码实现

上文主要根据官方示例分析了Connection初始化的源码，本篇将继续根据示例代码讲解Producer的初始化和消息发布的源码，上文中提到，Connection初始化过程是并没有建立连接的，而是在使用时才能建立连接，本篇在Producer发布消息的时候会通过Transport类连接载体，连接的源码本篇也会重点讲解。

下面还是看一下官方示例

from kombu import Connection, Exchange, Queue

media_exchange = Exchange('media', 'direct', durable=True)
video_queue = Queue('video', exchange=media_exchange, routing_key='video')

def process_media(body, message):
    print body
    message.ack()

# connections
with Connection('amqp://guest:guest@localhost//') as conn:

    # produce
    producer = conn.Producer(serializer='json')
    producer.publish({'name': '/tmp/lolcat1.avi', 'size': 1301013},
                      exchange=media_exchange, routing_key='video',
                      declare=[video_queue])

    # the declare above, makes sure the video queue is declared
    # so that the messages can be delivered.
    # It's a best practice in Kombu to have both publishers and
    # consumers declare the queue. You can also declare the
    # queue manually using:
    #     video_queue(conn).declare()

    # consume
    with conn.Consumer(video_queue, callbacks=[process_media]) as consumer:
        # Process messages and handle events on all channels
        while True:
            conn.drain_events()

# Consume from several queues on the same channel:
video_queue = Queue('video', exchange=media_exchange, key='video')
image_queue = Queue('image', exchange=media_exchange, key='image')

with connection.Consumer([video_queue, image_queue],
                         callbacks=[process_media]) as consumer:
    while True:
        connection.drain_events()

示例中，在Connection完成后，就会调用producer方法，并且进行发布消息，下面我们一起研究一下producer方法和消息发布的过程。

    def Producer(self, channel=None, *args, **kwargs):
        """Create new :class:`kombu.Producer` instance."""
        from .messaging import Producer
        return Producer(channel or self, *args, **kwargs)              # 导入Producer类，返回Producer的实例， channel为None，所以第一个参数为self，**kwargs 为serializer='json'

接着看一下Producer初始化过程中做了那些定义

@python_2_unicode_compatible
class Producer(object):
    """Message Producer.

    Arguments:
        channel (kombu.Connection, ChannelT): Connection or channel.
        exchange (kombu.entity.Exchange, str): Optional default exchange.
        routing_key (str): Optional default routing key.
        serializer (str): Default serializer. Default is `"json"`.
        compression (str): Default compression method.
            Default is no compression.
        auto_declare (bool): Automatically declare the default exchange
            at instantiation. Default is :const:`True`.
        on_return (Callable): Callback to call for undeliverable messages,
            when the `mandatory` or `immediate` arguments to
            :meth:`publish` is used. This callback needs the following
            signature: `(exception, exchange, routing_key, message)`.
            Note that the producer needs to drain events to use this feature.
    """

    #: Default exchange
    exchange = None

    #: Default routing key.
    routing_key = ''

    #: Default serializer to use. Default is JSON.
    serializer = None

    #: Default compression method.  Disabled by default.
    compression = None

    #: By default, if a defualt exchange is set,
    #: that exchange will be declare when publishing a message.
    auto_declare = True

    #: Basic return callback.
    on_return = None

    #: Set if channel argument was a Connection instance (using
    #: default_channel).
    __connection__ = None

    def __init__(self, channel, exchange=None, routing_key=None,
                 serializer=None, auto_declare=None, compression=None,
                 on_return=None):
        self._channel = channel                                                  # channel 为上传的self，即connection实例
        self.exchange = exchange
        self.routing_key = routing_key or self.routing_key
        self.serializer = serializer or self.serializer
        self.compression = compression or self.compression
        self.on_return = on_return or self.