20240801 C++ 保存二进制图像数据为bmp

紫云无堤

于 2024-08-01 11:11:06 发布

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分类专栏： C++日常笔记文章标签： c++ 开发语言图像处理

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Vissence/article/details/140842586

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特点：

C++单个头文件，include 可用；
单例模式，不需要 new instance；

使用方式：

bmpWriter.saveBinaryDataAsBMP(path + ".bmp", static_cast<const unsigned char *>(ptr), m_width, m_height, m_channel);

头文件内容

// *********************************************
// FileName: bmp_writer.hpp
// Brief:
//
// Date:   30 Jul 2024
// Author: Dan
// *********************************************

#ifndef TOOLS_BMP_WRITER_HPP
#define TOOLS_BMP_WRITER_HPP

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

namespace TOOLS {
// BMP file header
#pragma pack(push, 1)
struct BMPHeader {
    uint16_t bfType      = 0;
    uint32_t bfSize      = 0;
    uint16_t bfReserved1 = 0;
    uint16_t bfReserved2 = 0;
    uint32_t bfOffBits   = 0;
};
#pragma pack(pop)

// BMP information header
#pragma pack(push, 1)
struct BMPInfoHeader {
    uint32_t biSize          = 0;
    int32_t  biWidth         = 0;
    int32_t  biHeight        = 0;
    uint16_t biPlanes        = 0;
    uint16_t biBitCount      = 0;
    uint32_t biCompression   = 0;
    uint32_t biSizeImage     = 0;
    int32_t  biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
    int32_t  biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
    uint32_t biClrUsed       = 0;
    uint32_t biClrImportant  = 0;
};
#pragma pack(pop)

class BMPWriter {
private:
    size_t grayPaletteSize = 256 * 4;

    // gray image palette, for gray image only!
    unsigned char grayPalette[256 * 4] = {0};

public:
    // for single channel image
    BMPWriter()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
        {
            grayPalette[i * 4]     = i;
            grayPalette[i * 4 + 1] = i;
            grayPalette[i * 4 + 2] = i;
            grayPalette[i * 4 + 3] = 0;
        }
    }

    ~BMPWriter() = default;

    static BMPWriter &getInstance()
    {
        static BMPWriter instance;
        return instance;
    }

    void saveBinaryDataAsBMP(const std::string filename, const unsigned char *data, int width, int height, int depth)
    {
        std::ofstream file(filename, std::ios::binary);

        if (!file)
        {
            std::cerr << "Failed to open file for writing." << std::endl;
            return;
        }

        BMPHeader bmpHeader;
        bmpHeader.bfType      = 0x4D42;  // "BM"
        bmpHeader.bfSize      = sizeof(BMPHeader) + sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + (1 == depth ? grayPaletteSize : 0) + width * height * depth;
        bmpHeader.bfReserved1 = 0;
        bmpHeader.bfReserved2 = 0;
        bmpHeader.bfOffBits   = sizeof(BMPHeader) + sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + (1 == depth ? grayPaletteSize : 0);

        BMPInfoHeader bmpInfoHeader;
        bmpInfoHeader.biSize          = sizeof(BMPInfoHeader);
        bmpInfoHeader.biWidth         = width;
        bmpInfoHeader.biHeight        = height;
        bmpInfoHeader.biPlanes        = 1;
        bmpInfoHeader.biBitCount      = 8 * depth;
        bmpInfoHeader.biCompression   = 0;
        bmpInfoHeader.biSizeImage     = width * height * depth;
        bmpInfoHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
        bmpInfoHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
        bmpInfoHeader.biClrUsed       = 0;
        bmpInfoHeader.biClrImportant  = 0;

        file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&bmpHeader), sizeof(BMPHeader));
        file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&bmpInfoHeader), sizeof(BMPInfoHeader));
        if (1 == depth)
        {
            file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(grayPalette), sizeof(grayPalette));
        }

        for (int y = height - 1; y >= 0; y--)
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
            {
                file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data + (y * width + x) * depth), depth);
            }
        }

        file.close();
    }
};

static BMPWriter &bmpWriter = BMPWriter::getInstance();

}

#endif //TOOLS_BMP_WRITER_HPP