笔记：OpenCV3和Qt5 计算机视觉应用开发(一)

目标：学习《OpenCV3和Qt5 计算机视觉应用开发》，记录总结学习过程。

第一章 OpenCV和Qt简介

开发环境

系统版本：Ubuntu 16.04.7 LTS

Qt版本：Qt 5.9.5

OpenCV版本：opencv-3.3.0

虚拟机版本：VMware® Workstation 16 Pro(16.2.2 build-19200509)

学习总结

1，安装Linux开发环境

终端运行：sudo apt-get install build-essential libgl1-mesa-dev

提示：E：无法定位软件包 libg11-mesa-dev

解决方法：分开安装软件包

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev

2，安装Open CV

CMake 3.1.1：Download CMake

CMake GUI：Index of /files/v3.1

Open CV 3.3.0：Releases - OpenCV

CMake编译OpenCV库文件，提示错误：IPPICV: Download: ippicv_2017u2_lnx_intel64_20170418.tgz

解决方法：

1，更改下载地址(实测依然报错)

1，找到/opencv-3.3.0/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv.cmake
将"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/${IPPICV_COMMIT}/ippicv/"
改为"https://ghproxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/.../ippicv/"
2，重新编译

2，离线下载(实测有效)

1，根据提示，下载目标版本
目标文件路径：https://github.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/tree/ippicv/master_20170418/ippicv
将文件下载到本地文件夹，我的文件路径：/home/bob/work/res/DownLoader/
注意：根据错误提示，下载对应版本文件，
2，修改opencv的cmake文件
找到/opencv-3.3.0/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv.cmake，
将"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/${IPPICV_COMMIT}/ippicv/"
改为"file:///home/bob/work/res/DownLoader/"；
3，重新编译；

注意事项

ippicv.cmake文件中包含ippicv_2017u2_lnx_intel64_20170418.tgz文件的MD5校验值，如果校验值不一致，仍会报错。

function(download_ippicv root_var)
  set(${root_var} "" PARENT_SCOPE)

  # Commit SHA in the opencv_3rdparty repo
  set(IPPICV_COMMIT "a62e20676a60ee0ad6581e217fe7e4bada3b95db")
  # Define actual ICV versions
  if(APPLE)
    set(OPENCV_ICV_PLATFORM "macosx")
    set(OPENCV_ICV_PACKAGE_SUBDIR "ippicv_mac")
    if(X86_64)
      set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "ippicv_2017u2_mac_intel64_20170418.tgz")
      set(OPENCV_ICV_HASH "0c25953c99dbb499ff502485a9356d8d")
    else()
      set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "ippicv_2017u2_mac_ia32_20170418.tgz")
      set(OPENCV_ICV_HASH "5f225948f3f64067c681293c098d50d8")
    endif()
  elseif((UNIX AND NOT ANDROID) OR (UNIX AND ANDROID_ABI MATCHES "x86"))
    set(OPENCV_ICV_PLATFORM "linux")
    set(OPENCV_ICV_PACKAGE_SUBDIR "ippicv_lnx")
    if(X86_64)
      set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "ippicv_2017u2_lnx_intel64_20170418.tgz") #对于X86_64系统，文件名
      set(OPENCV_ICV_HASH "87cbdeb627415d8e4bc811156289fa3a")		#对于X86_64系统，文件MD5校验值
    else()
      set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "ippicv_2017u2_lnx_ia32_20170418.tgz")
      set(OPENCV_ICV_HASH "f2cece00d802d4dea86df52ed095257e")
    endif()
  elseif(WIN32 AND NOT ARM)
    set(OPENCV_ICV_PLATFORM "windows")
    set(OPENCV_ICV_PACKAGE_SUBDIR "ippicv_win")
    if(X86_64)
      set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "ippicv_2017u2_win_intel64_20170418.zip")
      set(OPENCV_ICV_HASH "75060a0c662c0800f48995b7e9b085f6")
    else()
      set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "ippicv_2017u2_win_ia32_20170418.zip")
      set(OPENCV_ICV_HASH "60fcf3ccd9a2ebc9e432ffb5cb91638b")
    endif()
  else()
    return()
  endif()

  set(THE_ROOT "${OpenCV_BINARY_DIR}/3rdparty/ippicv")
  ocv_download(FILENAME ${OPENCV_ICV_NAME}
               HASH ${OPENCV_ICV_HASH}
               URL
                 "${OPENCV_IPPICV_URL}"
                 "$ENV{OPENCV_IPPICV_URL}"
                 "file:///home/bob/work/res/DownLoader/" #修改后的下载地址
               DESTINATION_DIR "${THE_ROOT}"
               ID IPPICV
               STATUS res
               UNPACK RELATIVE_URL)

  if(res)
    set(${root_var} "${THE_ROOT}/${OPENCV_ICV_PACKAGE_SUBDIR}" PARENT_SCOPE)
  endif()
endfunction()

3，测试OpenCV安装

按照书中例程，提示错误：Error while building/deploying project opencv

18:10:55: 为项目opencv执行步骤 ...
18:10:55: 配置没有改变, 跳过 qmake 步骤。
18:10:55: 正在启动 "/usr/bin/make" 

g++ -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,/opt/fsl-imx-fb/Qt5.9.5/5.9.5/gcc_64/lib -o opencv main.o qrc_res.o   -L/opt/fsl-imx-fb/Qt5.9.5/5.9.5/gcc_64/lib -lQt5Core -lpthread 
main.o：在函数‘cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cv::String>::move(void* const*, void**)’中：
main.cpp:(.text._ZN7cvflann7anyimpl14big_any_policyIN2cv6StringEE4moveEPKPvPS5_[_ZN7cvflann7anyimpl14big_any_policyIN2cv6StringEE4moveEPKPvPS5_]+0x10)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text._ZN7cvflann7anyimpl14big_any_policyIN2cv6StringEE4moveEPKPvPS5_[_ZN7cvflann7anyimpl14big_any_policyIN2cv6StringEE4moveEPKPvPS5_]+0x24)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.o：在函数‘cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cv::String>::static_delete(void**)’中：
main.cpp:(.text._ZN7cvflann7anyimpl14big_any_policyIN2cv6StringEE13static_deleteEPPv[_ZN7cvflann7anyimpl14big_any_policyIN2cv6StringEE13static_deleteEPPv]+0x15)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.o：在函数‘cv::String::String(char const*)’中：
main.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv6StringC2EPKc[_ZN2cv6StringC5EPKc]+0x30)：对‘cv::String::allocate(unsigned long)’未定义的引用
Makefile:243: recipe for target 'opencv' failed
main.o：在函数‘cv::Mat::~Mat()’中：
main.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MatD2Ev[_ZN2cv3MatD5Ev]+0x15)：对‘cv::Mat::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MatD2Ev[_ZN2cv3MatD5Ev]+0x71)：对‘cv::fastFree(void*)’未定义的引用
main.o：在函数‘main’中：
main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x243)：对‘cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x250)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x287)：对‘cv::imshow(cv::String const&, cv::_InputArray const&)’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x28f)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x2d9)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
main.cpp:(.text.startup+0x301)：对‘cv::String::deallocate()’未定义的引用
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [opencv] Error 1
18:10:55: 进程"/usr/bin/make"退出，退出代码 2 。
Error while building/deploying project opencv (kit: Desktop Qt 5.9.5 GCC 64bit)
When executing step "Make"
18:10:55: Elapsed time: 00:00.

需要在.pro文件中加上如下代码

CONFIG += link_pkgconfig
PKGCONFIG += opencv

可用工程

https://download.csdn.net/download/VistaTech/88947454

注意将图片的文件路径改为自己图片的路径

Mat image = imread("/home/bob/work/Qt/QtCvTest/00-opencv/test.jpg");