hdoj1240 Asteroids!

题意:

  BFS的小小变形,场景由二维迷宫变成三维空间的迷宫,基本框架是不变的.
  这个题目就是考耐心嘛,毕竟就像一篇阅读理解,只需要看懂那个slice就是指z轴上不同点的平面就可以了.另外,需要注意题目中给出的起点的顺序是:start_y(列), start_x(行), start_z,这个需要跟自己的数组中的每一维的意义对应起来,否则结果就会不对.然后还要注意,每走到一个点,都会有6个方向的点(上\下\左\右\前\后)待探索.

代码:

// 0ms, 1804K
// BFS on a cubic maze
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

struct Location {
    int x, y, z, step;

    Location(int x, int y, int z, int s) : x(x), y(y), z(z), step(s) {
    }
};

const int FAIL_VALUE = -1;
const int DIR[6][3] = { {1,0,0}, {-1,0,0}, {0,1,0}, {0,-1,0}, {0,0,1}, {0,0,-1} };  // 6 directions every exploration
const int MAX_DIMEN(11);
char maze[MAX_DIMEN][MAX_DIMEN][MAX_DIMEN];
bool isVisited[MAX_DIMEN][MAX_DIMEN][MAX_DIMEN];
int dimen;
int _x2, _y2, _z2;  // coordinates of target point
int _x1, __y1, _z1; // coordinates of start point

bool isValid(const int& x, const int& y, const int& z) {
    return x >= 0 && y >= 0 && z >= 0 &&
            x < dimen && y < dimen && z < dimen;
}

int bfs() {
    memset(isVisited, false, sizeof isVisited); // initial visit-array

    queue<Location> locations;
    isVisited[_x1][__y1][_z1] = true;
    locations.push( Location(_x1, __y1, _z1, 0) );
    while (!locations.empty()) { 
        Location cur = locations.front();
        //cout << _debug << "\t" << cur.step << endl;
        locations.pop();
        if (cur.x == _x2 && cur.y == _y2 && cur.z == _z2) { // if arriving at the target point
            return cur.step;
        }
        for (int dir = 0; dir < 6; ++dir) {
            int xx = cur.x + DIR[dir][0];
            int yy = cur.y + DIR[dir][1];
            int zz = cur.z + DIR[dir][2];
            if (isValid(xx, yy, zz) && !isVisited[zz][xx][yy] && maze[zz][xx][yy] == 'O') { // those which can reach
                isVisited[zz][xx][yy] = true;
                locations.push( Location(xx, yy, zz, cur.step + 1) );
            }
        }
    }
    return FAIL_VALUE;
}

int main() {
//  freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
    char op[10];
    while (cin >> op >> dimen) {    // 'START N'

        /* input phase */
        int x, y, z;
        for (int z = 0; z < dimen; ++z) {
            for (int x = 0; x < dimen; ++x) {
                for (int y = 0; y < dimen; ++y) {
                    cin >> maze[z][x][y];
                }
            }
        }
        cin >> __y1 >> _x1 >> _z1;  // mind the order of input...
        cin >> _y2 >> _x2 >> _z2; 
        cin >> op;  // 'END'

        /* process phase */
        int need_step = bfs();
        if (need_step == FAIL_VALUE) {
            cout << "NO ROUTE" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << dimen << " " << need_step << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}