【Linux】手搓shell

手搓shell

代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#define ZERO '\0'
#define SIZE 512
#define SEP " "
#define NUM 32
#define Skiopath(p) do{ p += strlen(p-1);while(*p!='/')p--;}while(0)
#define SkipSpace(cmd,pos) do{while(1){if(isspace(cmd[pos]))pos++;else break;}}while(0)

//"ls -a -l -n > myfile.txt"
#define None_Redir 0
#define In_Redir 1
#define Out_Redir 2
#define App_Redir 3

int redir_type = None_Redir;
char* filename =NULL;

char *gArgv[NUM];
char cwd[SIZE*2];
int lastcode =0;

void Die()
{
    exit(1);
}
const char *Gethome()
{
    const char *home =getenv("HOME");
    if(home==NULL)return "/";
    return home;
}
const char *GetuserName()
{
    const char *name= getenv("USER");
    if(name==NULL)return "None";
    return name;
}
const char *GethostName()
{
    const char *hostname = getenv("HOSTNAME");
    if(hostname==NULL)return "None";
    return hostname;
}
const char *GetCwd()
{
    const char *cwd=getenv("PWD");
    if(cwd==NULL)return "None";
    return cwd;
}
void Makecommandline_print()
{
    char line[SIZE];
    const char *username = GetuserName();
    const char *hostname = GethostName();
    const char *cwd = GetCwd();
    Skiopath(cwd);
    snprintf(line,SIZE,"[%s@%s %s]> ",username,hostname,strlen(cwd)==1?"/":cwd+1);
    printf("%s",line);
    fflush(stdout);
}
int Getusercommand(char command[],size_t n)
{
    char *s = fgets(command,n,stdin);
    if(s==NULL)return 1;
    command[strlen(command)-1]=ZERO;
    return strlen(command);
}

void Splitcommand(char command[],size_t n)
{
    //"ls -a -l -n"-> "ls" "-a" "-l" "-n"
    
    gArgv[0] = strtok(command,SEP);
    int index =1;
    while((gArgv[index++]=strtok(NULL,SEP)));//done,故意写成=，表示先赋值，在判断。分割之后，strtok会返回NULL，刚好让gArgv最后一个元素是NULL，并且while判断结束

}

void Executecommand()
{

    pid_t id =fork();
    if(id<0) Die();
    else if(id==0)
    {
        //重定向设置
        if(filename != NULL)
        {
            if(redir_type == In_Redir)
            {
                int fd =open(filename,O_RDONLY);
                dup2(fd,0);
            }
            else if(redir_type == Out_Redir)
            {
                int fd =open(filename,O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,0666);
                dup2(fd,1);
            }
            else if(redir_type == App_Redir)
            {
                int fd =open(filename,O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND,0666);
                dup2(fd,1);
            }
            else
            {}
        }
        //child
        execvp(gArgv[0],gArgv);
        exit(errno);
    }
    else{
        //father
        int status =0;
        pid_t rid = waitpid(id,&status,0);
        if(rid>0)
        {
            lastcode = WEXITSTATUS(status);
            if(lastcode!=0)printf("%s:%s:%d\n",gArgv[0],strerror(lastcode),lastcode);
            
        }
    }

}
void Cd()
{
    const char *path = gArgv[1];
    if(path==NULL)path=Gethome();
    //path 一定存在
    chdir(path);
    //刷新环境变量
    char temp[SIZE*2];
    getcwd(temp,sizeof(temp));
    //导环境变量
    snprintf(cwd,sizeof(cwd),"PWD=%s",temp);
    putenv(cwd);
}
int Checkbuilding()
{
    int yes =0;
    const char *enter_cmd = gArgv[0];
    if(strcmp(enter_cmd,"cd")==0)
    {
    
        yes =1;
        Cd();
    }
    else if(strcmp(enter_cmd,"echo")==0&&strcmp(gArgv[1],"$?")==0)
    {
        yes=1;
        printf("%d\n",lastcode);
        lastcode=0;
    }
    return yes;
}
void CheckRedir(char cmd[])
{
    //"ls -a -l -n > myfile.txt"
    int pos =0;
    int end=strlen(cmd);
    while(pos < end)
    {
        if(cmd[pos] == '>')
        {
            if(cmd[pos+1] == '>')
            {
                cmd[pos++] = 0;
                pos++;
                redir_type = App_Redir;
                SkipSpace(cmd,pos);
                filename = cmd +pos;
            }
            else{
                cmd[pos++] = 0;
                redir_type = Out_Redir;
                SkipSpace(cmd,pos);
                filename = cmd +pos;
            }
        }
        else if(cmd[pos] == '<')
        {
            cmd[pos++]=0;
            redir_type = In_Redir;
            SkipSpace(cmd,pos);
            filename = cmd+pos;
        }
        else 
        {
            pos++;
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    int quit =0 ;
    while(!quit)
    {
        //0 重置
        redir_type = None_Redir;
        filename =NULL;
        //1.输出一个命令行
        Makecommandline_print();
        
        //2.获取用户命令字符串
        char usercommand[SIZE];
        int n = Getusercommand(usercommand,sizeof(usercommand));
        
        //2.1 checkredir
        CheckRedir(usercommand);

        //3.命令行字符串分割
        Splitcommand(usercommand,sizeof(usercommand));
        
        //4.检查命令是否是内建命令
        n=Checkbuilding();
        if(n)continue;
        //n.执行命令
        Executecommand();
        
    }
    return 0;
}