C# Tips之程序关联文件

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-14 11:13:08 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-03-14 11:13:08 发布
阅读量452 收藏 3
点赞数
分类专栏： C# 文章标签： c# 注册表
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/WHUT_GISA/article/details/107128552
版权

写在前面

C# Tips是博主开启的第一个项目，以C#为示例语言，旨在普及编程技巧、经典算法以及计算机视觉、图形学知识。

关联文件的意义

想必各位同学在双击打开非txt的文本文件时通常会遇到这样的困扰：
无法直接打开文件
因为以.cue为后缀的文件并未与电脑中的任何程序关联，所以无法直接打开文件，选择一个能够打开文件的软件其实就是将cue文件与之进行关联。好处显而易见，就是凡是cue文件都可以通过指定软件直接双击打开。当然除此之外，文件如果还带有特定的图标，那么更能提升文件的逼格。

修改注册表

文件的关联信息存储在注册表（Win+R再输入regedit即可打开注册表）中，无论是修改默认程序还是指定程序，其本质都是修改了注册表信息。自定义文件关联信息通常存储在HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT结点下：

  1. 第一项为*，其含义为通用的关联方式，换句话说就是可以利用一个软件打开所有文件；
  2. 其他项则是特定后缀文件的关联方式。

通用关联

对于第一种情况，以Sublime Text软件（可以正常打开所有纯文本格式文件）为例，需要实现如下图所示的功能，即右键cue文件，然后点击Open With Sublime Text，利用Sublime Text打开cue文件。
在这里插入图片描述
具体修改注册表的方法为：在*结点下的shell结点中添加结点Sublime Text，然后修改默认项数据为Open With Sublime Text，然后在Sublime Text结点下添加结点command，修改默认项数据为"D:\Sublime Text\sublime_text.exe"<“Sublime Text程序所在路径”> “%1”。

特定关联

对于第二种情况，最普遍的需求是将自己编写的文件格式关联到自己编写的程序上。拿博主之前写过的一个三维重建系统MeasureMan举例，该系统的工程文件是以.msm为后缀的自定义文本文件，如下图所示msm文件与程序图标相同，且通过双击可以直接打开msm文件。
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
具体修改注册表的方法为：在HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT结点下添加.msm/Shell/Open/Command，然后在.msm结点中添加File Type项并填入数据msm File，最后修改Command结点的默认项数据为<“MeasureMan程序所在路径”> “%1”。

程序关联文件代码

.NET提供了Registry、RegistryKey等类可以很方便地对注册表进行操作，如下代码实现了在HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT结点下添加结点的过程，注意添加或修改注册表项必须先获得管理员权限：如果结点不存在直接添加，关联当前程序路径；如果结点存在但当前程序路径与已有路径不同，则替换程序路径。

try
{
    RegistryKey mainkey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@".msm\Shell\Open\Command",false);
    string value="\"" + Application.StartupPath + "\\MeasureMan.exe\"" + " \"%1\"";
    if (mainkey == null)
    {
        RegistryKey key = Registry.ClassesRoot.CreateSubKey(".msm");
        key.SetValue("File Type", "msm File");
        key.CreateSubKey(@"Shell\Open\Command").SetValue("",value);
        SHChangeNotify(HChangeNotifyEventID.SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED, HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST | HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_FLUSH, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
    }
    else if (!value.Equals(mainkey.GetValue("").ToString()))
    {
        RegistryKey anotherKey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@".msm\Shell\Open\Command", true);
        anotherKey.SetValue("", value);
        SHChangeNotify(HChangeNotifyEventID.SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED, HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST | HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_FLUSH, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
    }
}
catch 
{
    MessageBox.Show("以管理员身份运行可将工程文件关联到此程序"); 
}

但在修改完注册表后一定要进行注册表的刷新，对应上面的SHChangeNotify方法，这不是一个.NET自带的方法，而是系统文件shell32.dll中的方法，引用方法的方式如下：

[DllImport("shell32.dll")]
static extern void SHChangeNotify(HChangeNotifyEventID wEventId,
                                   HChangeNotifyFlags uFlags,
                                   IntPtr dwItem1,
                                   IntPtr dwItem2);

其中HChangeNotifyEventID和HChangeNotifyFlags都是枚举类型，其定义如下：

enum HChangeNotifyEventID
{
    /// <summary>
    /// All events have occurred. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_ALLEVENTS = 0x7FFFFFFF,

    /// <summary>
    /// A file type association has changed. <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> 
    /// must be specified in the <i>uFlags</i> parameter. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> are not used and must be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED = 0x08000000,

    /// <summary>
    /// The attributes of an item or folder have changed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the item or folder that has changed. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>.
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_ATTRIBUTES = 0x00000800,

    /// <summary>
    /// A nonfolder item has been created. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the item that was created. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>.
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_CREATE = 0x00000002,

    /// <summary>
    /// A nonfolder item has been deleted. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the item that was deleted. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_DELETE = 0x00000004,

    /// <summary>
    /// A drive has been added. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the root of the drive that was added. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_DRIVEADD = 0x00000100,

    /// <summary>
    /// A drive has been added and the Shell should create a new window for the drive. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the root of the drive that was added. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_DRIVEADDGUI = 0x00010000,

    /// <summary>
    /// A drive has been removed. <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the root of the drive that was removed.
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_DRIVEREMOVED = 0x00000080,

    /// <summary>
    /// Not currently used. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_EXTENDED_EVENT = 0x04000000,

    /// <summary>
    /// The amount of free space on a drive has changed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the root of the drive on which the free space changed.
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_FREESPACE = 0x00040000,

    /// <summary>
    /// Storage media has been inserted into a drive. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the root of the drive that contains the new media. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_MEDIAINSERTED = 0x00000020,

    /// <summary>
    /// Storage media has been removed from a drive. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the root of the drive from which the media was removed. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_MEDIAREMOVED = 0x00000040,

    /// <summary>
    /// A folder has been created. <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> 
    /// or <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the folder that was created. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_MKDIR = 0x00000008,

    /// <summary>
    /// A folder on the local computer is being shared via the network. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the folder that is being shared. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_NETSHARE = 0x00000200,

    /// <summary>
    /// A folder on the local computer is no longer being shared via the network. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the folder that is no longer being shared. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_NETUNSHARE = 0x00000400,

    /// <summary>
    /// The name of a folder has changed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the previous pointer to an item identifier list (PIDL) or name of the folder. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> contains the new PIDL or name of the folder. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_RENAMEFOLDER = 0x00020000,

    /// <summary>
    /// The name of a nonfolder item has changed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the previous PIDL or name of the item. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> contains the new PIDL or name of the item. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_RENAMEITEM = 0x00000001,

    /// <summary>
    /// A folder has been removed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the folder that was removed. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_RMDIR = 0x00000010,

    /// <summary>
    /// The computer has disconnected from a server. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the server from which the computer was disconnected. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_SERVERDISCONNECT = 0x00004000,

    /// <summary>
    /// The contents of an existing folder have changed, 
    /// but the folder still exists and has not been renamed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> or 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_PATH"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> contains the folder that has changed. 
    /// <i>dwItem2</i> is not used and should be <see langword="null"/>. 
    /// If a folder has been created, deleted, or renamed, use SHCNE_MKDIR, SHCNE_RMDIR, or 
    /// SHCNE_RENAMEFOLDER, respectively, instead. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_UPDATEDIR = 0x00001000,

    /// <summary>
    /// An image in the system image list has changed. 
    /// <see cref="HChangeNotifyFlags.SHCNF_DWORD"/> must be specified in <i>uFlags</i>. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNE_UPDATEIMAGE = 0x00008000,

}

enum HChangeNotifyFlags
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> parameters are DWORD values. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_DWORD = 0x0003,
    /// <summary>
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> are the addresses of ITEMIDLIST structures that 
    /// represent the item(s) affected by the change. 
    /// Each ITEMIDLIST must be relative to the desktop folder. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_IDLIST = 0x0000,
    /// <summary>
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> are the addresses of null-terminated strings of 
    /// maximum length MAX_PATH that contain the full path names 
    /// of the items affected by the change. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_PATHA = 0x0001,
    /// <summary>
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> are the addresses of null-terminated strings of 
    /// maximum length MAX_PATH that contain the full path names 
    /// of the items affected by the change. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_PATHW = 0x0005,
    /// <summary>
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> are the addresses of null-terminated strings that 
    /// represent the friendly names of the printer(s) affected by the change. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_PRINTERA = 0x0002,
    /// <summary>
    /// <i>dwItem1</i> and <i>dwItem2</i> are the addresses of null-terminated strings that 
    /// represent the friendly names of the printer(s) affected by the change. 
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_PRINTERW = 0x0006,
    /// <summary>
    /// The function should not return until the notification 
    /// has been delivered to all affected components. 
    /// As this flag modifies other data-type flags, it cannot by used by itself.
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_FLUSH = 0x1000,
    /// <summary>
    /// The function should begin delivering notifications to all affected components 
    /// but should return as soon as the notification process has begun. 
    /// As this flag modifies other data-type flags, it cannot by used by itself.
    /// </summary>
    SHCNF_FLUSHNOWAIT = 0x2000
}

最后，为了能双击打开msm文件，还需要修改Application.Run方法，Environment.GetCommandLineArgs可以获得当前程序运行的参数，至少有1个参数，就是程序所在路径，第二个参数可选，为msm文件路径，在cmd中操作同理。

string[] args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
if (args.Length == 2)
    Application.Run(new MeasureMan(args[1]));
else
    Application.Run(new MeasureMan(null));
WHUT_GISA
关注
  • 0
    点赞
  • 踩
  • 3
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
专栏目录
C#实现文件关联
蜗牛档案室
12-25 5927
和其他语言一样，C#实现文件关联同样需要直接操作注册表，即按规则分别设置文件扩展名，文档类型说明，友好名称，图标，调用方法等键值即可，网上随便查查就可以写出以下的代码。 using Microsoft.Win32; RegistryKey key = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(".jb"); if (key == null)
C#文件关联
08-22
读取注册表获得文件的关联程序及其图标路径。
C#文件关联代码
12-04
C#文件关联代码,关联到注册表.可关联自定义图标和文件名后缀
c# 自定义文件关联程序
weixin_34161032的博客
06-19 214
做很多程序都是独立运行的，然后做各种操作，今天尝试一下像播放器之类的程序，我们自定义一些文件类型，然后关联自己的软件。双击打开时就将文件传入了软件，同样可以支持将文件拖放到程序上运行。 闲话少说，下面开始写程序，首先建立一个c#的winForm程序。然后解决文件关联问题，其实就是操作注册表，在注册表中记录了文件的类型和关联的程序： 下面这段是从网上看到的代码：/// &l...
C#:关联程序和文件
acass424022的博客
05-14 250
一、关联代码 /// <summary> /// 关联程序和类型 /// </summary> private void RegFileExt() { try { string b...
C#设置文件的默认打开程序建立关联
09-27
C#语言编写一个软件，然后绑定对应类型的数据用当前编写的软件打开。比如写一个视频播放器OPEN.EXE，指定 的视频类型为.video。通过此方法可以绑定电脑上的.video类型文件都使用OPEN.EXE这个程序打开。
C#建立数据文件与程序的关联
03-17
在C#编程中，建立数据文件与程序的关联是一项常用的功能，这允许用户通过双击特定类型的文件（如扩展名为`.ls`的文件）来启动指定的程序进行处理。这种关联通常涉及到注册表的修改，以便操作系统知道如何处理这些...
创建文件关联程序到注册表.txt
11-02
实现双击文件调用系统已安装的程序打开此文件，并设置文件的图标。 //文件注册 var registryKey = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.ClassesRoot.CreateSubKey(Extension); ... ... ...
C#程序如何关联特定类型的文件
01-29
C#程序关联特定类型的文件是指在Windows操作系统中，通过修改注册表项，关联特定的文件类型与特定的程序或应用程序，以便在用户双击该文件类型时，自动启动关联的程序或应用程序。下面是详细的知识点： 一、文件...
C# .NET4.0 自定义文件并实现文件与应用程序关联
草青工作室 的专栏
06-29 2730
C# .NET4.0 自定义文件并实现文件与应用程序关联 自定义文件类型 文件关联应用程序 得到双击文件的具体路径
C# 文件关联
04-23
C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联C# 文件关联
C# 文件关联方式
chongxing01的专栏
09-03 773
/// <summary> /// 关联文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="_FilePathString">应用程序路径</param> /// <param name="p_FileTypeName">文件类型</param> private static void SaveReg(string _File...
C#关联文件类型到自己的程序
DavidLiu的博客
11-17 1150
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Windows.Forms; using Microsoft.Win32; namespace AppC { static class Program { /// <summary> /// 应用程序的主入口点。 ...
定制文件操作，C#轻松设置文件扩展名与应用程序关联
最新发布
03-14 621
概述：本文深入探讨C#中如何通过注册表设置文件扩展名与应用程序的关联，包括原理、实现方法和步骤。这一功能可用于个性化文件操作，提升用户体验。将文件扩展名与应用程序关联的原理是通过在注册表中设置关联信息。在Windows系统中，注册表的下存储了文件类型和关联的应用程序信息，通过修改这些信息实现文件关联。
c#创建文件关联
weixin_34050427的博客
06-20 147
try { string MyFileName = AppSetter.SysInfoPath + @"\DrawTools\csg.exe"; string MyExtName = ".csg"; string MyType = "csgfile";...
C#操作注册表建立文件关联
tide的博客
08-18 594
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using Mi
C#关联自定义文件类型到应用程序并实现自动导入
猫敷雪
09-03 879
这几天开发遇到一个需求： 将自定义文件后缀添加默认图标 双击自定义的文件后缀可以自动关联到指定的应用程序并自动打开 上述第一、二两点其实是一个需求，本质是和注册表有关的操作，在注册表中写入默认图标、默认文件后缀、指定打开文件，一旦明白这个思路代码就非常清晰了。 代码中我们写入了两个注册表。 第一个结构如下图所示，其中DefaultIcon定义的是默认图标地址，Command中存放的是指定识别的软件的运行exe路径。 第二个注册表如下图所示,将默认文件后缀和第一个注册表进行关联，这样就可以进行识别。
C#检查文件关联并创建关联exe
DavidLiu的博客
11-17 401
给右键添加菜单项，微软首先推荐静态方式，即给文件类型或者系统子健添加一个conmmand命令 如果要添加一个右键菜单项，首先考虑添加范围，1）某一系统子健（系统所有文件、系统所有目录、系统空白右键、shift右键等）；2）某一文件类型添加 系统子健添加 常用的子健： HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT*：系统所有文件，右键系统任一文件都会添加右键菜单 HKEY_CLASSES_RO...
C# Tips之CSharpGL（一）
WHUT_GISA的博客
08-14 1793
而CSharpGL则是国内的一位大佬针对.NET平台对OpenGL的移植，除了实现OpenGL的可编程管线外，还封装了类似于GLWindow的WinGLCanvas图形显示控件。和一些包含OpenGL的三维库，如osg、vtk类似，CSharpGL基于面向对象思想提供了丰富的视图控制方法。
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值