Python学习笔记：循环技巧

本篇参考官方文档： The PythonTutorial 5.6Looping Techniques

当循环一个序列（sequence）的时候，位置索引和相应的值可以一起检索，用 enumerate()函数。

>>> for i, v in enumerate(['tic', 'tac', 'toe']):
...     print i, v
...
0 tic
1 tac
2 toe

如果要同时循环两个或多个序列，可以用zip()函数。

>>> questions = ['name', 'quest', 'favorite color']
>>> answers = ['lancelot', 'the holy grail', 'blue']
>>> for q, a in zip(questions, answers):
...     print 'What is your {0}?  It is {1}.'.format(q, a)
...
What is your name?  It is lancelot.
What is your quest?  It is the holy grail.
What is your favorite color?  It is blue.

如果要倒序循环一个序列，用reversed()函数。

>>> for i in reversed(xrange(1,10,2)):
...     print i
...
9
7
5
3
1

在字典中循环的时候，关键字和值可以同时检索，用iteritems()函数。

>>> knights = {'gallahad': 'the pure', 'robin': 'the brave'}
>>> for k, v in knights.iteritems():
...     print k, v
...
gallahad the pure
robin the brave