http工具类

import com.alibaba.nacos.common.utils.MapUtils;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.http.*;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpsClientUtil {

	public final static int port = 443;

	public final static String SEND_TYPE_JSON = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";

	public final static String SEND_TYPE_XML = "application/xml;charset=UTF-8";
	
	public final static String SEND_TYPE_TEXT = "text/xml;charset=UTF-8";

	private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpsClientUtil.class);

	private static final String HTTP = "http";
	private static final String HTTPS = "https";
	private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;
	private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = null;
	private static SSLContextBuilder builder = null;

	// 初始化https 不做身份验证
	static {
		try {
			builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
			// 全部信任 不做身份鉴定
			builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
				@Override
				public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
					return true;
				}
			});
			sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(),
					new String[] { "SSLv2Hello", "SSLv3", "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2" }, null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
			Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create()
					.register(HTTP, new PlainConnectionSocketFactory()).register(HTTPS, sslsf).build();
			cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
			cm.setMaxTotal(200);// max connection

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public synchronized static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() throws Exception {
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).setConnectionManager(cm)
				.setConnectionManagerShared(true).build();

		return httpClient;
	}

	/**
	 * Post 请求
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * @param sendBody
	 * @param header
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String postForJson(String url, String sendBody, Map<String, String> header) {
		String result = "";
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
		try {
			httpClient = getHttpClient();
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			// 设置头信息
			if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) {
					httpPost.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
				}
			}

			// 设置请求实体
			StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(sendBody, "UTF-8");
			entity.setContentType(
					new BasicHeader(org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json;charset=UTF-8"));
			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(entity)) {
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request URL: [{0}]", url));
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request Headers: [{0}]", header.entrySet()));
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
				result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
			} else {
				readHttpResponse(response);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (null != httpClient) {
				try {
					httpClient.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Description: Post 请求发送XML格式数据
	 * @Title: postForXML
	 * @param: @param url 
	 * @param: @param sendBody
	 * @param: @param header
	 * @param: @return
	 * @return: String
	 * @throws
	 */
	public static String postForXML(String url, String sendBody, Map<String, String> header) {
		String result = "";
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
		try {

			httpClient = getHttpClient();
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			// 设置头信息
			if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) {
					httpPost.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
				}
			}

			// 设置请求实体
			StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(sendBody, "UTF-8");
			entity.setContentType(new BasicHeader(org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, SEND_TYPE_XML));
			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(entity)) {
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request URL: [{0}]", url));
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request Headers: [{0}]", header.entrySet()));
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
				result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "UTF-8");
			} else {
				readHttpResponse(response);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (null != httpClient) {
				try {
					httpClient.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return result;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Put 请求
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * @param sendBody
	 * @param header
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String putForJson(String url, String sendBody, Map<String, String> header) {
		String result = "";
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
		try {
			httpClient = getHttpClient();
			HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(url);
			// 设置头信息
			if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) {
					httpPut.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
				}
			}
			// 设置请求实体
			StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(sendBody, "UTF-8");
			entity.setContentType(
					new BasicHeader(org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json;charset=UTF-8"));
			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(entity)) {
				httpPut.setEntity(entity);
			}
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request URL: [{0}]", url));
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request Headers: [{0}]", header.entrySet()));
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPut);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
				result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
			} else {
				readHttpResponse(response);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (null != httpClient) {
				try {
					httpClient.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Get 请求
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 * @param sendBody
	 * @param header
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getForJson(String url, String sendBody, Map<String, String> header) {
		String result = "";
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
		try {
            
			httpClient = getHttpClient();
			HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
			// 设置头信息
			if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) {
					httpGet.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
				}
			}

			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request URL: [{0}]", url));
			logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Request Headers: [{0}]", header.entrySet()));
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
				result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
			} else {
				readHttpResponse(response);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (null != httpClient) {
				try {
					httpClient.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	
	
	/**
	 * https 返回状态处理
	 * 
	 * @param response
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static String readHttpResponse(HttpResponse response) throws ParseException, IOException {
		StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
		builder.append("status: " + response.getStatusLine());
		builder.append("header: ");
		HeaderIterator iterator = response.headerIterator();
		while (iterator.hasNext()) {
			builder.append("\t" + iterator.next());
		}

		if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(entity)) {
			String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
			builder.append("response length: " + result.length());
			builder.append("response content: " + result.replace("\r\n", ""));
		}
		logger.info(MessageFormat.format("Https Response 返回状态结果: {0}", builder.toString()));
		return builder.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Description: 获取request中的值
	 * @Title: getRequestHeader
	 * @param: @param request
	 * @param: @return
	 * @return: Map<String,String>
	 * @throws
	 */
	public static Map<String, String> getRequestHeader(HttpServletRequest request) {
		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
		Enumeration<?> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
		while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
			String key = (String) headerNames.nextElement();
			String value = request.getHeader(key);
			map.put(key, value);
		}
		return map;
	}

}


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### 回答1: Java提供了很多http工具类,其中比较常用的是`HttpURLConnection`和`HttpClient`。 1. HttpURLConnection: ```java URL url = new URL(urlStr); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 设置请求方式和超时时间 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); conn.setReadTimeout(5000); // 发送请求 int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode(); if (responseCode == 200) { // 读取响应流 InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream(); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream)); String line; StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder(); while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { response.append(line); } inputStream.close(); conn.disconnect(); return response.toString(); } else { conn.disconnect(); return null; } ``` 2. HttpClient: ```java CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(urlStr); // 设置请求参数 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom() .setConnectTimeout(5000) .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000) .setSocketTimeout(5000) .build(); httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig); // 发送请求 HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { // 读取响应流 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"); EntityUtils.consume(entity); httpClient.close(); return result; } else { httpClient.close(); return null; } ``` 以上代码仅供参考,实际应用中需要根据具体需求进行适当的修改。 ### 回答2: Java中有很多http工具类可用于进行http请求和处理响应。其中比较常用的有Apache HttpClient和HttpURLConnection。 Apache HttpClient是一个功能强大、灵活且可扩展的http客户端库,它提供了完整的http方法的支持,如GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等。它可以处理http请求和响应,同时还支持代理、重定向、cookie管理、连接池等功能。使用HttpClient,可以方便地发送http请求并获取响应结果。 HttpURLConnection是Java原生的http客户端库,也是比较常用的一种方法,它提供了基本的http请求和响应功能。通过HttpURLConnection,可以创建http连接、设置请求头、设置请求参数并发送请求。发送请求后,可以获取响应的状态码、响应头和响应体等信息。 对于简单的http请求和响应处理,可以使用HttpURLConnection,因为它是Java内置的库,无需添加额外的依赖。而对于复杂的http请求和响应处理,例如处理代理、设置超时时间、处理cookie等,可以使用Apache HttpClient,因为它提供了更多的功能和更强的扩展性。 应根据具体的项目需求和情况选择适合的http工具类。无论是使用Apache HttpClient还是HttpURLConnection,都需要注意资源管理和异常处理,以确保http请求的有效执行,并适当处理请求失败和异常情况。 总之,Java中提供了丰富的http工具类供开发者选择和使用,可以根据具体需求选择合适的工具类来发送http请求和处理响应。 ### 回答3: Java中的HTTP工具类主要用于发送HTTP请求和处理HTTP响应。这些工具类主要有两个核心功能:发送和接收HTTP请求。 发送HTTP请求的工具类通常会提供各种方法来发送不同类型的请求,如GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等。这些方法会将请求参数、请求头信息和请求体以适当的格式发送给目标服务器。同时,还可以设置超时时间、重试次数等高级配置。 接收HTTP响应的工具类会将服务器返回的响应信息提取出来,并以易于使用的数据结构(如字符串、JSON、XML等)进行返回。这些工具类通常会提供方法来获取响应状态码、响应头信息以及响应体的内容。 此外,HTTP工具类还可以提供其他一些功能,如实现身份验证、处理重定向、处理Cookie等。这些功能能够使得HTTP请求和响应的处理更加方便和灵活。 常见的Java HTTP工具类有Apache HttpClient、OkHttp、Java HttpURLConnection等。这些工具类都是开源的,并且具有广泛的使用和支持。它们提供了一致性的API,并且可以与各种HTTP协议和服务器进行交互。 总之,Java的HTTP工具类是开发Web应用、数据抓取、接口测试等方面的重要工具。它们可以简化HTTP请求和响应的处理过程,提高开发效率和代码可维护性。

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