kvm虚拟机克隆

参考：kvm镜像制作-CSDN博客或kvm磁盘和快照-CSDN博客

格式： virt-clone --auto-clone -o 虚拟机名称 -n 克隆名称

virt-clone这个命令是基于全克隆的，也就是拷⻉虚拟磁盘⽂件和虚拟配置⽂件来实现的完整克隆，速度慢，占⽤空间多。

[root@admin ~]# virsh net-start default 
Network default started

[root@admin ~]# virt-install --virt-type kvm --os-type=linux --os-variant rhel7 --name web01 --memory 1024 --vcpus 1 --disk /opt/web01-vda.raw,format=raw,size=20 --cdrom /opt/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso --network network=default --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole

Starting install...
Allocating 'web01-vda.raw'                                                                                                                   |  20 GB  00:00:00     

Domain installation still in progress. You can reconnect to 
the console to complete the installation process.
[root@admin ~]# 
[root@admin ~]# virsh list
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 2     web01                          running
[root@admin ~]# virsh shutdown  web01 
Domain web01 is being shutdown

[root@admin ~]# virt-clone --auto-clone -o web01  -n web01copy
Allocating 'web01-vda-clone.raw'                                                                                                             |  20 GB  00:00:11     

Clone 'web01copy' created successfully.

[root@admin ~]# virsh  list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 -     web01                          shut off
 -     web01copy                      shut off

[root@admin ~]# 

 等待安装完成

kvm 链接克隆

KVM的链接克隆是通过创建⼀个链接磁盘⽂件来实现的链接克隆，⽽kvm软件包中并没有实现全⾃动链接克隆的命令或⼯具，只 能⼿动实现。

格式：qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b 源磁盘⽂件 链接磁盘⽂件

-f 指定磁盘⽂件格式类型

-b 执⾏链接磁盘⽂件路径

[root@admin ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b /opt/web01-vda.raw /opt/web01-clone.qcow2
Formatting '/opt/web01-clone.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 backing_file=/opt/web01-vda.raw cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
[root@admin ~]# 

 查看链接磁盘文件信息

[root@admin ~]# qemu-img   info /opt/web01-clone.qcow2 
image: /opt/web01-clone.qcow2    //位置
file format: qcow2              //格式
virtual size: 20G (21474836480 bytes)   //磁盘大小
disk size: 196K                 //磁盘实际占用大小
cluster_size: 65536              
backing file: /opt/web01-vda.raw        //源文件路径
Format specific information:
    compat: 1.1
    lazy refcounts: false
    refcount bits: 16
    corrupt: false
[root@admin ~]# 

 导出原始机的配置文件，并修改磁盘路径

[root@admin ~]# virsh  dumpxml web01 > web01-link-clone-1.xml
[root@admin ~]# vim web01-link-clone-1.xml 
#修改内容
<name>web01-link-clon3</name>
#删除UUID
<uuid>727a1566-ff36-4ed0-a096-f844f6bf3262</uuid>
#修改磁盘路径
<source file='/opt/web01-clone.qcow2'/>
#删除MAC地址
<mac address='52:54:00:bd:b6:44'/>

 导入虚拟机

[root@admin ~]# virsh  define web01-link-clone-1.xml 
Domain web01-link-clone defined from web01-link-clone-1.xml

[root@admin ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 -     web01                          shut off
 -     web01-link-clone               shut off
 -     web01copy                      shut off

[root@admin ~]# 
#启动
[root@admin ~]# virsh  start  web01-link-clone 
Domain web01-link-clone started

[root@admin ~]# virsh list 
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 3     web01-link-clone               running

[root@admin ~]# 

 ssh登录测试

[root@admin ~]# ssh root@192.168.122.171
The authenticity of host '192.168.122.171 (192.168.122.171)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:HRaADRjWpJEg0PhTpVjuPwJh/kN9tPvzPHHLNthOCoY.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:36:7c:6e:80:35:28:d0:57:c0:f1:b1:7e:6c:a8:29:bd.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.122.171' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.122.171's password: 
Last login: Wed May 29 23:05:17 2024
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:d1:50:48 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.171/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 3468sec preferred_lft 3468sec
    inet6 fe80::5903:76cf:572:98f0/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:a9:e5:3e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.124.1/24 brd 192.168.124.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:a9:e5:3e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost ~]#