java 处理图片

package com.wxl.app;

import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;
import java.awt.image.CropImageFilter;
import java.awt.image.FilteredImageSource;
import java.awt.image.ImageFilter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class ImageUtils {

	/**
	 * 缩放图像（按比例缩放）
	 * @param srcImageFile 源图像文件地址
	 * @param result 缩放后的图像地址
	 * @param scale 缩放比例
	 * @param flag 缩放选择:true 放大; false 缩小;
	 */
	public final static void scale(String srcImageFile, String result, int scale, boolean flag) {
		try {
			BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile)); // 读入文件
			int width = src.getWidth(); // 得到源图宽
			int height = src.getHeight(); // 得到源图长
			if (flag) {// 放大
				width = width * scale;
				height = height * scale;
			} else {// 缩小
				width = width / scale;
				height = height / scale;
			}
			Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
			BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
			g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
			g.dispose();
			ImageIO.write(tag, getExtension(srcImageFile), new File(result));// 输出到文件流
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private static String getExtension(String fileName) {
		return fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
	}

	/**
	 * 缩放图像（按高度和宽度缩放）
	 * @param srcImageFile 源图像文件地址
	 * @param result 缩放后的图像地址
	 * @param height 缩放后的高度
	 * @param width 缩放后的宽度
	 * @param bb 比例不对时是否需要补白：true为补白; false为不补白;
	 */
	public final static void scale2(String srcImageFile, String result, int height, int width, boolean bb) {
		try {
			double ratio = 0.0; // 缩放比例
			File f = new File(srcImageFile);
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(f);
			Image itemp = bi.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
			// 计算比例
			if ((bi.getHeight() > height) || (bi.getWidth() > width)) {
				if (bi.getHeight() > bi.getWidth()) {
					ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue() / bi.getHeight();
				} else {
					ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue() / bi.getWidth();
				}
				AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null);
				itemp = op.filter(bi, null);
			}
			if (bb) {//补白
				BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
				Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
				g.setColor(Color.white);
				g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
				if (width == itemp.getWidth(null))
					g.drawImage(itemp, 0, (height - itemp.getHeight(null)) / 2, itemp.getWidth(null), itemp
							.getHeight(null), Color.white, null);
				else
					g.drawImage(itemp, (width - itemp.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0, itemp.getWidth(null), itemp
							.getHeight(null), Color.white, null);
				g.dispose();
				itemp = image;
			}
			ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) itemp, getExtension(srcImageFile), new File(result));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 图像切割(按指定起点坐标和宽高切割)
	 * @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	 * @param result 切片后的图像地址
	 * @param x 目标切片起点坐标X
	 * @param y 目标切片起点坐标Y
	 * @param width 目标切片宽度
	 * @param height 目标切片高度
	 */
	public final static void cut(String srcImageFile, String result, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
		try {
			// 读取源图像
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			int srcWidth = bi.getHeight(); // 源图宽度
			int srcHeight = bi.getWidth(); // 源图高度
			if (srcWidth > 0 && srcHeight > 0) {
				Image image = bi.getScaledInstance(srcWidth, srcHeight, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
				// 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
				// 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
				ImageFilter cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(x, y, width, height);
				Image img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(
						new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(), cropFilter));
				BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
				Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
				g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, width, height, null); // 绘制切割后的图
				g.dispose();
				// 输出为文件
				ImageIO.write(tag, getExtension(srcImageFile), new File(result));
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 图像切割（指定切片的行数和列数）
	 * @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	 * @param descDir 切片目标文件夹
	 * @param rows 目标切片行数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
	 * @param cols 目标切片列数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
	 */
	public final static void cut2(String srcImageFile, String descDir, int rows, int cols) {
		try {
			if (rows <= 0 || rows > 20)
				rows = 2; // 切片行数
			if (cols <= 0 || cols > 20)
				cols = 2; // 切片列数
			// 读取源图像
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			int srcWidth = bi.getHeight(); // 源图宽度
			int srcHeight = bi.getWidth(); // 源图高度
			if (srcWidth > 0 && srcHeight > 0) {
				Image img;
				ImageFilter cropFilter;
				Image image = bi.getScaledInstance(srcWidth, srcHeight, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
				int destWidth = srcWidth; // 每张切片的宽度
				int destHeight = srcHeight; // 每张切片的高度
				// 计算切片的宽度和高度
				if (srcWidth % cols == 0) {
					destWidth = srcWidth / cols;
				} else {
					destWidth = (int) Math.floor(srcWidth / cols) + 1;
				}
				if (srcHeight % rows == 0) {
					destHeight = srcHeight / rows;
				} else {
					destHeight = (int) Math.floor(srcWidth / rows) + 1;
				}
				// 循环建立切片
				// 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度
				for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
					for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
						// 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
						// 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
						cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(j * destWidth, i * destHeight, destWidth, destHeight);
						img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(
								new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(), cropFilter));
						BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(destWidth, destHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
						Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
						g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
						g.dispose();
						// 输出为文件
						ImageIO
								.write(tag, getExtension(srcImageFile),
										new File(descDir + "_r" + i + "_c" + j + ".jpg"));
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 图像切割（指定切片的宽度和高度）
	 * @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	 * @param descDir 切片目标文件夹
	 * @param destWidth 目标切片宽度。默认200
	 * @param destHeight 目标切片高度。默认150
	 */
	public final static void cut3(String srcImageFile, String descDir, int destWidth, int destHeight) {
		try {
			if (destWidth <= 0)
				destWidth = 200; // 切片宽度
			if (destHeight <= 0)
				destHeight = 150; // 切片高度
			// 读取源图像
			BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			int srcWidth = bi.getHeight(); // 源图宽度
			int srcHeight = bi.getWidth(); // 源图高度
			if (srcWidth > destWidth && srcHeight > destHeight) {
				Image img;
				ImageFilter cropFilter;
				Image image = bi.getScaledInstance(srcWidth, srcHeight, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
				int cols = 0; // 切片横向数量
				int rows = 0; // 切片纵向数量
				// 计算切片的横向和纵向数量
				if (srcWidth % destWidth == 0) {
					cols = srcWidth / destWidth;
				} else {
					cols = (int) Math.floor(srcWidth / destWidth) + 1;
				}
				if (srcHeight % destHeight == 0) {
					rows = srcHeight / destHeight;
				} else {
					rows = (int) Math.floor(srcHeight / destHeight) + 1;
				}
				// 循环建立切片
				// 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度
				for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
					for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
						// 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
						// 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
						cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(j * destWidth, i * destHeight, destWidth, destHeight);
						img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(
								new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(), cropFilter));
						BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(destWidth, destHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
						Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
						g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
						g.dispose();
						// 输出为文件
						ImageIO
								.write(tag, getExtension(srcImageFile),
										new File(descDir + "_r" + i + "_c" + j + ".jpg"));
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	* 图像类型转换：GIF->JPG、GIF->PNG、PNG->JPG、PNG->GIF(X)、BMP->PNG
	* @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	* @param formatName 包含格式非正式名称的 String：如JPG、JPEG、GIF等
	* @param destImageFile 目标图像地址
	*/
	public final static void convert(String srcImageFile, String formatName, String destImageFile) {
		try {
			File f = new File(srcImageFile);
			f.canRead();
			f.canWrite();
			BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(f);
			ImageIO.write(src, formatName, new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 彩色转为黑白
	 * @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	 * @param destImageFile 目标图像地址
	 */
	public final static void gray(String srcImageFile, String destImageFile) {
		try {
			BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
			ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY);
			ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null);
			src = op.filter(src, null);
			ImageIO.write(src, getExtension(srcImageFile), new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	* 给图片添加文字水印
	* @param pressText 水印文字
	* @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	* @param destImageFile 目标图像地址
	* @param fontName 水印的字体名称
	* @param fontStyle 水印的字体样式
	* @param color 水印的字体颜色
	* @param fontSize 水印的字体大小
	* @param x 修正值
	* @param y 修正值
	* @param alpha 透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
	*/
	public final static void pressText(String pressText, String srcImageFile, String destImageFile, String fontName,
			int fontStyle, Color color, int fontSize, int x, int y, float alpha, double degree) {
		try {
			File img = new File(srcImageFile);
			Image src = ImageIO.read(img);
			int width = src.getWidth(null);
			int height = src.getHeight(null);
			BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
			g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, width, height, null);

			g.rotate(Math.toRadians(degree), (double) image.getWidth() / 2, (double) image.getHeight() / 2);

			g.setColor(color);
			g.setFont(new Font(fontName, fontStyle, fontSize));

			FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();

			int textWidth = fm.stringWidth(pressText);
			int textHeight = fm.getHeight();

			g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, alpha));
			// 在指定坐标绘制水印文字
			g.drawString(pressText, (width - textWidth) / 2 + x, (height - textHeight) / 2 + y);
			g.dispose();
			ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, getExtension(srcImageFile), new File(destImageFile));// 输出到文件流
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	* 给图片添加图片水印
	* @param pressImg 水印图片
	* @param srcImageFile 源图像地址
	* @param destImageFile 目标图像地址
	* @param x 修正值。 默认在中间
	* @param y 修正值。 默认在中间
	* @param alpha 透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
	*/
	public final static void pressImage(String pressImg, String srcImageFile, String destImageFile, int x, int y,
			float alpha, double degree) {
		try {
			File img = new File(srcImageFile);
			Image src = ImageIO.read(img);
			int wideth = src.getWidth(null);
			int height = src.getHeight(null);
			BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(wideth, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
			g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, wideth, height, null);
			// 水印文件
			Image watermarkImage = ImageIO.read(new File(pressImg));
			int watermarkWidth = watermarkImage.getWidth(null);
			int watermarkHeight = watermarkImage.getHeight(null);
			g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, alpha));

			g.rotate(Math.toRadians(degree), (double) image.getWidth() / 2, (double) image.getHeight() / 2);

			g.drawImage(watermarkImage, (wideth - watermarkWidth) / 2, (height - watermarkHeight) / 2, watermarkWidth,
					watermarkHeight, null);
			// 水印文件结束
			g.dispose();
			ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, getExtension(srcImageFile), new File(destImageFile));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}