Android 事件分发机制

当用户触摸屏幕的时候，会产生触摸事件(touch事件)，这些事件传递到某个View并且处理的过程，就是事件的分发。

MotionEvent

Android中的触摸事件(touch事件)，被封装成MotionEvent实例来体现。

MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN 按下View

MotionEvent.ACTION_UP 抬起View

MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE 滑动View

MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL 结束事件(非人为)

事件分发的顺序

Activity -> ViewGroup ->View

Activity的事件分发

当一个点击事件发生时，事件最先传递到Activity的dispatchTouchEvent()方法进行事件分发

 public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            onUserInteraction();
        }
        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(ev);
    }

第5行的getWindow().superDIspatchTouchEvent()，即调用PhoneWindow类中superDispatchTouchEvent()方法：

 @Override
    public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
    }

mDecor即DecorView，是一个FrameLayout，superDispatchTouchEvent()这个方法最终会调用到ViewGoup的dispatchTouchEvent()方法，实现了触屏事件(touch事件)从Activity到ViewGroup的传递。

public boolean superDispatchTrackballEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return super.dispatchTrackballEvent(event);
    }

ViewGroup的事件分发

 public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        final int action = ev.getAction();
        final float xf = ev.getX();
        final float yf = ev.getY();
        final float scrolledXFloat = xf + mScrollX;
        final float scrolledYFloat = yf + mScrollY;
        final Rect frame = mTempRect;
        boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
        if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            if (mMotionTarget != null) {
                mMotionTarget = null;
            }
            if (disallowIntercept || !onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) {
                ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN);
                final int scrolledXInt = (int) scrolledXFloat;
                final int scrolledYInt = (int) scrolledYFloat;
                final View[] children = mChildren;
                final int count = mChildrenCount;
                for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                    final View child = children[i];
                    if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE
                            || child.getAnimation() != null) {
                        child.getHitRect(frame);
                        if (frame.contains(scrolledXInt, scrolledYInt)) {
                            final float xc = scrolledXFloat - child.mLeft;
                            final float yc = scrolledYFloat - child.mTop;
                            ev.setLocation(xc, yc);
                            child.mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
                            if (child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev))  {
                                mMotionTarget = child;
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        boolean isUpOrCancel = (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) ||
                (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
        if (isUpOrCancel) {
            mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
        }
        final View target = mMotionTarget;
        if (target == null) {
            ev.setLocation(xf, yf);
            if ((mPrivateFlags & CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT) != 0) {
                ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
                mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
            }
            return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
        }
        if (!disallowIntercept && onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) {
            final float xc = scrolledXFloat - (float) target.mLeft;
            final float yc = scrolledYFloat - (float) target.mTop;
            mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
            ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            ev.setLocation(xc, yc);
            if (!target.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
            }
            mMotionTarget = null;
            return true;
        }
        if (isUpOrCancel) {
            mMotionTarget = null;
        }
        final float xc = scrolledXFloat - (float) target.mLeft;
        final float yc = scrolledYFloat - (float) target.mTop;
        ev.setLocation(xc, yc);
        if ((target.mPrivateFlags & CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT) != 0) {
            ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            target.mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;
            mMotionTarget = null;
        }
        return target.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
    }

第13行有个条件判断，disallowIntercept表示是否禁用事件拦截功能，默认为false，onInterceptTouchEvent()方法表示是否拦截该事件，若返回为false，表示不拦截，进入if条件内部，在if条件内部遍历ViewGroup下的所有子View，接着通过if (frame.contains(scrolledXInt, scrolledYInt))判断当前View是不是正在点击的View，如果是，再次进入if条件内部，然后调用该View的dispatchTouchEvent，实现了触屏事件(Touch事件)从ViewGroup到View的传递。

若onInterceptTouchEvent()返回为true或者找不到接收事件的View(点击了空白区域)，那么将调用super.dispatchTouchEvent()，即View的dispatchTouchEvent()，表示当前ViewGroup自己消费了该事件，不会将事件传递给子View。

View的事件分发

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
       if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
                mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(event);
  }

第2行如果满足3个条件则表示消费了该事件，否则将调用onTouchEvent()方法。

第一个条件mOnTouchListener != null，mOnTouchListener是在setOnTouchListener()中赋值的，即若我们给控件注册了OnTouchListener，那么这个条件成立。

第二个条件(mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED，判断当前的控件是否是enable的，控件默认为enable，条件成立。

第三个条件mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)，即onTouch()方法的返回值，若返回true则条件成立。

即如果为某个控件注册了onTouchListener，并且onTouch事件返回true，那么将不会执行onTouchEvent()方法。

再来看看View的onTouchEvent()方法

public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
    final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
    if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
        // A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
        // events, it just doesn't respond to them.
        return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE));
    }
    if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
        if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
            (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PREPRESSED) != 0;
                if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
                    // take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
                    // touch mode.
                    boolean focusTaken = false;
                    if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
                        focusTaken = requestFocus();
                    }
                    if (!mHasPerformedLongPress) {
                        // This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
                        removeLongPressCallback();
                        // Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
                        if (!focusTaken) {
                            // Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
                            // performClick directly. This lets other visual state
                            // of the view update before click actions start.
                            if (mPerformClick == null) {
                                mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
                            }
                            if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
                                performClick();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
                        mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
                    }
                    if (prepressed) {
                        mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
                        refreshDrawableState();
                        postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
                                ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
                    } else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
                        // If the post failed, unpress right now
                        mUnsetPressedState.run();
                    }
                    removeTapCallback();
                }
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
                    mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
                }
                mPrivateFlags |= PREPRESSED;
                mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
                postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
                refreshDrawableState();
                removeTapCallback();
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                final int x = (int) event.getX();
                final int y = (int) event.getY();
                // Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
                int slop = mTouchSlop;
                if ((x < 0 - slop) || (x >= getWidth() + slop) ||
                        (y < 0 - slop) || (y >= getHeight() + slop)) {
                    // Outside button
                    removeTapCallback();
                    if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
                        // Remove any future long press/tap checks
                        removeLongPressCallback();
                        // Need to switch from pressed to not pressed
                        mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
                        refreshDrawableState();
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

当前的触屏事件(Touch事件)是抬起手指，就会进入MotionEvent.ACTION_UP这个case中，接着就会执行38行的performClick()方法

public boolean performClick() {
    sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
    if (mOnClickListener != null) {
        playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
        mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

可以看到如果mOnClickListener != null 那么就会执行mOnClickListener.onClick()方法。