SpringMVC概念
SpringMVC是Spring框架下的一个子框架, 作用在控制层(Controller)
SpringMVC的特点是MVC注解和REST风格的URL请求, 采用了松散耦合课插拔组件结构, 相比其他MVC框架更具有扩展性和灵活性
SpringMVC优点
1. 天生与Spring框架集成
2. 支持Restful风格 - 一种标准请求方式
3. 支持灵活的URL到页面控制器的映射
4. 容易与其他视图技术集成
5. 简单强大的异常处理
6. 对静态资源的支持
7. 数据模型没有存放在特定的API里, 而是存放在一个Model里
8. 灵活的数据验证、格式化和绑定机制, 能够对任何对象进行数据绑定, 不必实现特定框架的API
POM 配置
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
Web.xml配置
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-start>1</load-on-start>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
springmvc.xml 配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
Conrtroller配置
@Controller
public class HelloWorld {
@RequestMapping("helloworld")
public String hellworld() {
System.out.println("helloworld");
return "success";
}
}
SpringMVC常用注解
@RequestMapping()
Mapper层自动实例化对象, 舍弃XML文件
@PathVariable()
注解接收变量, 使用场景如下:
@ReqeustMapping("add/{id}")
public void add(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
....
}
@Controller()
自动实例化Controller层
@Service()
自动实例化Service层