文件与I/O(四)
文件描述符0:标准输入,一般为阻塞状态
文件描述符1:标准输出
代码示例:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define ERROR_EXIT(m) (perror(m),exit(EXIT_FAILURE))
#define MAJOR(a) (int)((unsigned short)a>>8)
#define MINOR(a) (int)((unsigned short)a & 0xFF)
int filetype(struct stat * buf);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
char buf[1024]={0};
int flag;
int ret;
//获取状态信息,0文件描述符表示输入一般为阻塞状态
flag=fcntl(0,F_GETFL,0);
if(flag==-1)
ERROR_EXIT("get state error");
//设置文件描述符状态信息,为非阻塞状态
ret=fcntl(0,F_SETFL,O_NONBLOCK);
if(ret==-1)
ERROR_EXIT("set state error");
ret=read(0,buf,1024);
if(ret==-1)
ERROR_EXIT("read error");
printf("buf=%s\n",buf);
}
错误原因:
man 2 read:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define ERROR_EXIT(m) (perror(m),exit(EXIT_FAILURE))
#define MAJOR(a) (int)((unsigned short)a>>8)
#define MINOR(a) (int)((unsigned short)a & 0xFF)
int filetype(struct stat * buf);
void set_flags(int fd,int flags);
void clr_flags(int fd,int flags);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
char buf[1024]={0};
int flag;
int ret;
"04fcntl.c" 55L, 1452C
void set_flags(int fd,int flags){
int val;
val=fcntl(fd,F_GETFL,0);
if(val==-1)
ERROR_EXIT("get error");
val |= flags;
if(fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,val)<0)
ERROR_EXIT("set error");
}
void clr_flags(int fd,int flags){
int val;
val=fcntl(fd,F_GETFL,0);
if(val==-1)
ERROR_EXIT("get error");
val &= ~flags;
if(fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,val)<0)
ERROR_EXIT("set error");
}
锁的用法代码示例(struct flock):
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define ERROR_EXIT(m) (perror(m),exit(EXIT_FAILURE))
#define MAJOR(a) (int)((unsigned short)a>>8)
#define MINOR(a) (int)((unsigned short)a & 0xFF)
int filetype(struct stat * buf);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//设置锁
int fd=open("test5.c",O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC,0644);
if(fd==-1)
ERROR_EXIT("open error");
struct flock lock;
memset(&lock,0,sizeof(lock));
lock.l_type=F_WRLCK;
lock.l_whence=SEEK_SET;
lock.l_start=0;
lock.l_len=0;
//对文件加锁,如果成功,另一个进程无法加锁
if(fcntl(fd,F_SETLK,&lock)==0){
printf("lock success\n");
printf("press any key to unlock\n");
getchar();
lock.l_type=F_UNLCK;
if(fcntl(fd,F_SETLK,&lock)==0){
printf("unlock success\n");
}else{
ERROR_EXIT("unlock fail");
}
}
else{
ERROR_EXIT("lock fail");
}
return 0;
}