framework学习笔记day10---SpringMVC基础

SpringMVC概述

• 三层结构

  • 

• 概述

  • SpringMVC 是一种基于 Java 的实现 MVC 模型的轻量级 Web 框架。
  • SpringMVC 已经成为目前最主流的MVC框架之一，并且随着Spring3.0 的发布，全面超越 Struts2，成为最优秀的 MVC 框架。它通过一套注解，让一个简单的 Java 类成为处理请求 的控制器，而无须实现任何接口。同时它还支持 RESTful 编程风格的请求。

SpringMVC入门案例

• 开发步骤

  • ①引入相关依赖
  • ②编写web.xml
    • 配置DispatcherServlet，加载spring-mvc.xml 。类似于ModelBaseServlet
  • ③编写spring-mvc.xml
    • 扫描注解
    • 配置视图解析器。类似于ViewBaseServlet
  • ④编写UserController
  • ⑤代码测试

• ①引入相关依赖

  <properties>
      <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
      <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
      <junit.version>4.13.2</junit.version>
      <lombok.version>1.18.22</lombok.version>
      <spring.version>5.3.13</spring.version>
      <logback.version>1.2.7</logback.version>
      <slf4j.version>1.7.32</slf4j.version>
      <servlet.version>4.0.1</servlet.version>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>
  
  
      <!--web start-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>${servlet.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--web end-->
  
  
  
      <!--logback start-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
          <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
          <version>${logback.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--logback end-->
  
      <!--junit start-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>${junit.version}</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--junit end-->
  
      <!--lombok start-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
          <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
          <version>${lombok.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--lombok end-->
  
      <!--spring start-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--spring end-->
  
  </dependencies>
  

• ②编写web.xml

  <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
          "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
          "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
  
  <web-app>
  
  
  
      <!--类似于ModelBaseServlet-->
      <servlet>
          <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
          <!--加载spring-mvc.xml-->
          <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
          </init-param>
      </servlet>
  
      <servlet-mapping>
          <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
          <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
  
  </web-app>
  

• ③编写spring-mvc.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
         xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
  
  
      <!--扫描注解-->
      <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu"></context:component-scan>
  
      <!--视图解析器，类似于ViewBaseServlet-->
      <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
          <property name="order" value="1"/>
          <property