English语法_动名词-句型

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分类专栏： # 1》英语语法文章标签： English

于 2022-05-02 11:38:39 首次发布

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1> 动名词否定形式
- 例1> Saying
- 例2> not being able to
2> 动名词意义上的主语
3> 动名词常用句型

1> 动名词否定形式

not + Ving

例1> Saying

Saying “Thank you” is polite.
说“谢谢”是礼貌的。

说“谢谢”，这件事是主语，人事地物是名词。
polite， ite形容词尾缀；

Not saying “thank you” is impolite.
不说“谢谢”是不礼貌的

impolite, im 否定前缀，==

例2> not being able to

I‘m sorry for not being able to attend the meeting. (动名词)
I’m sorry not to be bable to attend the meeting. (to不定式)
我很抱歉无法参加会议。

介词for后面跟名词，所以be -> being;
be able to

2> 动名词意义上的主语

例 1> getting

Morant’s getting up so early suprised all his family.
Morant 起得很早让她所有的家人感到意外。

主语：Morant起的很早，这件事；
谓语：让他的家人感到意外；suprised
宾语：他的家人；
名词前面用所有格，所以getting前面用Morant‘s（所有格）
getting 是真正意义上的主语，主语不是Morant，
比如，Morant‘s book， book是主语；

例 2> Their son’s

They don’t like their son’s playing LOL.
他们不喜欢儿子打LOL。

They don’t like the thing.
Their son plays computer games.
主语是 They

They don’t like their son playing LOL.
他们不喜欢儿子打LOL。

their son 做动词like 的宾语；

例 3> of

I am sure of our team’s winning the game.
我有信心我们队能赢。

读时注意：
I am sure of【停顿】our team‘s winning the game.

I am sure of our team winning the game.
我有信心我们队能赢。

of 介词，介词后面跟宾语；
读时注意：
I am sure of our team 【停顿】winnig the game.

例 4> mind ， my/ me / I

Would you mind my opending the windows?
你介意我开窗吗？

名词前面所有格，opending 名词，前面用my 不用me；

Would you mind me opending the windows?
你介意我开窗吗？

mind 动词，动词后面用宾格，所以用 me。

Would you mind if I open the windows?
你介意我开窗吗？

if 连词，连词后面接主语；

Of course not.
当然不介意。

Go ahead
开吧。

Not at all.
一点也不。

3> 动名词常用句型

例 1> …如何？

How about going for a walk with me？
What about going for a walk with me?
What do you say to going for a walk with me?
和我一起散步如何？

take a walk, take a rest, take a shower, 动词变名词短语；
to 在这是介词
How about Ving…?
What about Ving…?
What do you say to Ving…?

例 2> look forward to Ving 期待…

1> I am looking forward to hearing from you.
我期待收到你的消息。

+ward -> 副词后缀；
forward
backward
inward
outward
look forward to Ving
期待…
期待一件事发生，静态的
expect + to V ：强调动作，期待做一件事，比如期待取得胜利；
hear from sb

2> I look forward to seeing my grandchildren again.
我期待再次见到孙子们。

again 副词，最不重要，写最后；
强调静态的事情，所以to后面接动名词Ving

例 3> feel like… 想要…

1- Do you feel like having a drink？
Would you like to have a drink？
你想要喝一杯吗？

feel like
感觉起来像… , like是介词；
想要…

I don’t feel like it.
我不想。

like 介词，后面必须有宾语it。

2- I don‘t feel like going shopping in this heavy rain.
我不想下这么大雨的时候去逛街。

heavy; (adj.) 大的，重的。
like 介词，后跟名词；

例 4> in Ving 当…时

1- You must be careful in choosing friends.
You must be careful when you choose your friends.
当你选择朋友的时候要谨慎。

must 情态动词，careful 形容词，形容词前要配be动词，情态动词后跟动词原型；
可数名词注意单复数；
in介词，介词后面跟名词，动词要用Ving，动名词形式；
when 连词, 连词后面要配主语，动词；

2- I slipped in gettng off the train.
I sliped when I got off the train.
我下火车的时候滑倒了。

a slip of the pen. 笔误
a slip of the tongue. 口误，嘴瓢
in：一个时间范围内；
get on a train，搭火车。
by train, by taxi 不要表现单复数，因为是一种方式，不可数；
in a taxi， in a car；在车厢内；
get in a taxi.
get out of taxi, out 副词，不能直接加宾语，要加介词of；

例 5> on Ving 一…就…

On seeing the man‘s face，she panicked.
As soon as she saw the man’s face ,she panicked.
她一看到那个男人的脸就惊慌失措。

as soon as, 连词

On arriving at the hotel, he made a reservation for dinner.
As soon as he arriving at the hote,he made a reservation for dinner.
他一抵达酒店就预定了晚餐。

make a reservation
抵达：
get to + 地； // get to SZ, get home;
arrive in + SZ
arrive at + home, at 可省略；
reach + 地； reach SZ

例 6> cannot help Ving 忍不住…, 不得不…

I cannot help respecting him on this poin.
I cannot but respect him on this point.
I cannot help but respect him on this point.
关于这一点我不得不尊敬他。

cannot help (oneself) Ving; 帮不了自己，管不住自己，忍不住…
cannot but… // cannot 助动词
cannot help but… // 这的but 是并列连词
cannot == can not == can’t
respect 一再看，尊敬
expect 往外开，期待；
inspect 往里看，检查
introbect 看内心，反省