Python学生管理系统控制台版

def meun():
    menu_info = '''＋－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－＋
｜ １）添加学生信息                           ｜
｜ ２）显示所有学生的信息                     ｜
｜ ３）删除学生信息                           ｜
｜ ４）修改学生信息                           ｜
｜ ５）按学生成绩高－低显示学生信息           ｜
｜ ６）按学生成绩低－高显示学生信息           ｜
｜ ７）按学生年龄高－低显示学生信息           ｜
｜ ８）按学生年龄低－高显示学生信息           ｜
｜ ９）保存学生信息到文件（students.txt)      ｜
｜ １０）从文件中读取数据（students.txt)      ｜
｜ 退出：其他任意按键＜回车＞                 ｜
＋－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－＋
'''
    print(menu_info)


# 以下二个函数用于sorted排序，　key的表达式函数
def get_age(*l):
    for x in l:
        return x.get("age")


def get_score(*l):
    for x in l:
        return x.get("score")


# １）添加学生信息
def add_student_info():
    L = []
    while True:
        n = input("请输入名字：")
        if not n:  # 名字为空　跳出循环
            break
        try:
            a = int(input("请输入年龄："))
            s = int(input("请输入成绩："))
        except:
            print("输入无效，不是整形数值．．．．重新录入信息")
            continue
        info = {"name": n, "age": a, "score": s}
        L.append(info)
    print("学生信息录入完毕！！！")
    return L


# ２）显示所有学生的信息
def show_student_info(student_info):
    if not student_info:
        print("无数据信息．．．．．")
        return
    print("名字".center(8), "年龄".center(4), "成绩".center(4))
    for info in student_info:
        print(info.get("name").center(10), str(info.get("age")).center(4), str(info.get("score")).center(4))


# ３）删除学生信息
def del_student_info(student_info, del_name=''):
    if not del_name:
        del_name = input("请输入删除的学生姓名：")
    for info in student_info:
        if del_name == info.get("name"):
            return info
    raise IndexError("学生信息不匹配,没有找到%s" % del_name)


# ４）修改学生信息
def mod_student_info(student_info):
    mod_name = input("请输入修改的学生姓名：")
    for info in student_info:
        if mod_name == info.get("name"):
            a = int(input("请输入年龄："))
            s = int(input("请输入成绩："))
            info = {"name": mod_name, "age": a, "score": s}
            return info
    raise IndexError("学生信息不匹配,没有找到%s" % mod_name)


# ５）按学生成绩高－低显示学生信息
def score_reduce(student_info):
    print("按学生成绩高－低显示")
    mit = sorted(student_info, key=get_score, reverse=True)
    show_student_info(mit)


# ６）按学生成绩低－高显示学生信息
def score_rise(student_info):
    print("按学生成绩低－高显示")
    mit = sorted(student_info, key=get_score)
    show_student_info(mit)


# ７）按学生年龄高－低显示学生信息
def age_reduce(student_info):
    print("按学生年龄高－低显示：")
    mit = sorted(student_info, key=get_age, reverse=True)
    show_student_info(mit)


# ８）按学生年龄低－高显示学生信息
def age_rise(student_info):
    print("按学生年龄低－高显示：")
    mit = sorted(student_info, key=get_age)
    show_student_info(mit)


# ９）保存学生信息到文件（students.txt)
def save_info(student_info):
    try:
        students_txt = open("students.txt", "w")  # 以写模式打开，并清空文件内容
    except Exception as e:
        students_txt = open("students.txt", "x")  # 文件不存在，创建文件并打开
    for info in student_info:
        students_txt.write(str(info) + "\n")  # 按行存储，添加换行符
    students_txt.close()


# １０）从文件中读取数据（students.txt)
def read_info():
    old_info = []
    try:
        students_txt = open("students.txt")
    except:
        print("暂未保存数据信息")  # 打开失败，文件不存在说明没有数据保存
        return
    while True:
        info = students_txt.readline()
        if not info:
            break
        # print(info)
        info = info.rstrip()  # 去掉换行符
        # print(info)
        info = info[1:-1]  # 去掉｛｝
        # print(info)
        student_dict = {}  # 单个学生字典信息
        for x in info.split(","):  # 以，为间隔拆分
            # print(x)
            key_value = []  # 开辟空间，key_value[0]存key,key_value[0]存value
            for k in x.split(":"):  # 以：为间隔拆分
                k = k.strip()  # 去掉首尾空字符
                # print(k)
                if k[0] == k[-1] and len(k) > 2:  # 判断是字符串还是整数
                    key_value.append(k[1:-1])  # 去掉　首尾的＇
                else:
                    key_value.append(int(k))
                # print(key_value)
            student_dict[key_value[0]] = key_value[1]  # 学生信息添加
        # print(student_dict)
        old_info.append(student_dict)  # 所有学生信息汇总
    students_txt.close()
    return old_info


def main():
    student_info = []
    while True:
        # print(student_info)
        meun()
        number = input("请输入选项：")
        if number == '1':
            student_info = add_student_info()
        elif number == '2':
            show_student_info(student_info)
        elif number == '3':
            try:
                student_info.remove(del_student_info(student_info))
            except Exception as e:
                # 学生姓名不匹配
                print(e)
        elif number == '4':
            try:
                student = mod_student_info(student_info)
            except Exception as e:
                # 学生姓名不匹配
                print(e)
            else:
                # 首先按照根据输入信息的名字，从列表中删除该生信息，然后重新添加该学生最新信息
                student_info.remove(del_student_info(student_info, del_name=student.get("name")))
                student_info.append(student)
        elif number == '5':
            score_reduce(student_info)
        elif number == '6':
            score_rise(student_info)
        elif number == '7':
            age_reduce(student_info)
        elif number == '8':
            age_rise(student_info)
        elif number == '9':
            save_info(student_info)
        elif number == '10':
            student_info = read_info()
        else:
            break
        input("回车显示菜单")


main()

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