搭建环境
用如下表:
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
` id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '秦老师');
——————————————————————————————
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');
学生通过tid关联老师;
多对一:
第一步:导入lombok
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
第二步:建立实体类
建立Student类:
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
//学生需要关联一个老师!
private Teacher teacher;
}
建立Teacher类:
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
}
第三步:建立Mapper接口
StudentMapper:
public interface StudentMapper {
//查询所有的学生信息,以及对应的老师的信息!
public List<Student> getStudent();
public List<Student> getStudent2();
}
TeacherMapper:
public interface TeacherMapper {
@Select("select * from teacher where id = #{tid}")
Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}
第四步:建立Mapper.XML文件
TeacherMapper.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper">
</mapper>
StudentMapper.xml:(暂时)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.StudentMapper">
第五步:在核心配置文件中绑定注册我们的Mapper接口或者文件!
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<!--引入外部配置文件-->
<properties resource="db.properties"/>
<settings>
<!--标准的日志工厂实现-->
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
</settings>
<!--可以给实体类起别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${pwd}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper"/>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.StudentMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
按照查询嵌套处理
补充StudentMapper.xml:
思路:
1. 查询所有的学生信息
select * from student
2… 根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师! 子查询
select * from teacher where id = #{tid}
通过association来处理对象,通过collection来处理集合
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<!-结果集映射到Student上 -->
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<!--
这时候出现<result property="tacaher" column="tid"/>是个对象,
是复杂属性,我们需要通过 association来处理
javaType="" 指定属性的类型!
-->
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{tid}
</select>
按照结果嵌套处理
思路:围绕着SQL:
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id;
来进行
<!--按照结果嵌套处理-->
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id;
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
一对多:
一个老师对应多个学生
环境搭建与上相同
写实体类:
学生类
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int tid;
}
老师类:
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
//一个老师拥有多个学生
private List<Student> students;
}
按照结果嵌套处理:
通过association来处理对象,通过collection来处理集合
这里老师类中有List集合,所以用collection来处理集合
private List<Student> students;
}
与多对一时的XML基本大同小异,区别在于:
1.因为学生是以集合展现所以要用collection来处理集合
2.Student为集合中的泛型,所以要将 javaType改为ofType来获取信息
<!--按结果嵌套查询-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tid
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
<result property="id" column="tid"/>
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
<!--复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理 对象: association 集合: collection
javaType="" 指定属性的类型!
集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<result property="tid" column="tid"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理 对象: association 集合: collection
javaType="" 指定属性的类型!
集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
按照查询嵌套处理
因为student是个集合,所以要用collection,它所需要的javaType是ArrayList
里头的泛型是Student,ofType=“Student”
<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
<collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId" column="id"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid}
</select>
小结
- 关联 - association 【多对一】
- 集合 - collection 【一对多】
- javaType & ofType
- JavaType 用来指定实体类中属性的类型
- ofType 用来指定映射到List或者集合中的 pojo类型,泛型中的约束类型!
注意点:
- 保证SQL的可读性,尽量保证通俗易懂
- 注意一对多和多对一中,属性名和字段的问题!