Ansible 实战案例--任务控制 之 选择控制

前言

when相当于shell脚本里的if 判断，when语句就是用来实现这个功能的，它是一个jinja2的语法，但是不需要双大括号
很多任务只有在特定条件下才能执行， 这就是 when 语句发挥作用的地方。 比如我们只需要在数据库服务器上安装 MySQL 软件， 根据系统种类来确定是使用 apt 模块还是yum 模块进行软件包管理

---

提示：本篇文章所使用的环境为centos-8.2基于ansible-2.8.0 搭建
具体环境搭建，请参考：ansible-2.8.0 搭建链接

一、when 条件判断

条件涉及到的运算处理

简单循环–打印指定节点主机的主机名

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim when1.yml
---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: show hosts name
      debug:
        var: inventory_hostname
      when: inventory_hostname == 'node02'

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook when1.yml --syntax-check

playbook: when1.yml

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook when1.yml 

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]
ok: [node02]
ok: [node03]
ok: [node04]

TASK [show hosts name] *********************************************************************************************
skipping: [node01]
ok: [node02] => {
    "inventory_hostname": "node02"
}
skipping: [node03]
skipping: [node04]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node02                     : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node03                     : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node04                     : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0 

判断用户是否存在、不存在，则创建

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim when2.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: test user tom is exist
      shell: id tom
      ignore_errors: yes
      register: info

    - name: show info
      debug:
        var: info

    - name: create user
      user:
        name: tom
        state: present
      when: info.rc != 0

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook when2.yml --syntax-check

playbook: when2.yml

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook when2.yml 

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test user tom is exist] **************************************************************************************
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "id tom", "delta": "0:00:00.005382", "end": "2020-10-15 00:43:56.390833", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 1, "start": "2020-10-15 00:43:56.385451", "stderr": "id: ‘tom’: no such user", "stderr_lines": ["id: ‘tom’: no such user"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring

TASK [show info] ***************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "info": {
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "id tom",
        "delta": "0:00:00.005382",
        "end": "2020-10-15 00:43:56.390833",
        "failed": true,
        "msg": "non-zero return code",
        "rc": 1,
        "start": "2020-10-15 00:43:56.385451",
        "stderr": "id: ‘tom’: no such user",
        "stderr_lines": [
            "id: ‘tom’: no such user"
        ],
        "stdout": "",
        "stdout_lines": []
    }
}

TASK [create user] *************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1 

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# id tom
uid=1002(tom) gid=1004(tom) groups=1004(tom)

改写后，执行

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim when3.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: test user tom is exist
      shell: id tom
      ignore_errors: yes
      register: info

    - name: show info
      debug:
        var: info

    - name: create user
      user:
        name: tom
        state: present
      when: info is false

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook when3.yml 

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test user tom is exist] **************************************************************************************
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "id tom", "delta": "0:00:00.005600", "end": "2020-10-15 00:44:56.356227", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 1, "start": "2020-10-15 00:44:56.350627", "stderr": "id: ‘tom’: no such user", "stderr_lines": ["id: ‘tom’: no such user"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring

TASK [show info] ***************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "info": {
        "changed": true,
        "cmd": "id tom",
        "delta": "0:00:00.005600",
        "end": "2020-10-15 00:44:56.356227",
        "failed": true,
        "msg": "non-zero return code",
        "rc": 1,
        "start": "2020-10-15 00:44:56.350627",
        "stderr": "id: ‘tom’: no such user",
        "stderr_lines": [
            "id: ‘tom’: no such user"
        ],
        "stdout": "",
        "stdout_lines": []
    }
}

TASK [create user] *************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1 

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# id tom
uid=1002(tom) gid=1004(tom) groups=1004(tom)

二、Jinja2 模板

为远程主机生成hosts文件

#编辑jinja2模板
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim template/host.j2
{% for i in range(4,8) %}
192.168.5.{{ i }} node0{{ i }}
{% endfor %}

[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim create_user.yml 
---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: create user_files
      template:
        src: template/host.j2
        dest: /opt/hosts

#检测语法
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook create_user.yml --syntax-check

playbook: create_user.yml


#执行playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook create_user.yml

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]
ok: [node02]
ok: [node04]
ok: [node03]

TASK [create user_files] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]
changed: [node04]
changed: [node03]
changed: [node02]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node02                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node03                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node04                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

#查看结果
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible all -m shell -a 'more /opt/hosts'
node03 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4 node04
192.168.5.5 node05
192.168.5.6 node06
192.168.5.7 node07
node01 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4 node04
192.168.5.5 node05
192.168.5.6 node06
192.168.5.7 node07
node04 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4 node04
192.168.5.5 node05
192.168.5.6 node06
192.168.5.7 node07
node02 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4 node04
192.168.5.5 node05
192.168.5.6 node06
192.168.5.7 node07

jinja2 if 单分支

#编辑jinja2 文件
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim template/test1.j2
{% if a>b %}
{{ a }} > {{ b }}
{% endif %}

#编辑playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim jinjia_if1.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  vars:
    a: 50
    b: 20
  tasks:
    - name: test if 
      template:
        src: template/test1.j2 
        dest: /opt/test1

#检测语法性
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook jinjia_if1.yml --syntax-check

playbook: jinjia_if1.yml

#执行playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook jinjia_if1.yml

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test if] *****************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

#测试：
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# cat /opt/test1 
50 > 20

jinja2 if 双分支

#编辑jinjia2 文件
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim template/test2.j2
{% if a>b %}
{{ a }} > {{ b }}
{% else %}
{{ a }} < {{ b }}
{% endif %}


#编辑playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim jinjia_if2.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  vars:
    a: 50
    b: 100
  tasks:
    - name: test if
      template:
        src: template/test2.j2
        dest: /opt/test2
        

#检测语法
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook  jinjia_if2.yml --syntax-check

playbook: jinjia_if2.yml

#执行playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook  jinjia_if2.yml 

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test if] *****************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

#测试：
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# cat /opt/test2 
50 < 100

jinja2 if 多分支

#编辑jinjia2 文件
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim template/test3.j2
{% if a>b %}
{{ a }} > {{ b }}
{% elif a<b %}
{{ a }} < {{ b }}
{% else %}
{{ a }} = {{ b }}
{% endif %}


#编辑playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim jinjia_if3.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  vars:
    a: 50
    b: 50
  tasks:
    - name: test if
      template:
        src: template/test3.j2
        dest: /opt/test3


#检测语法
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook jinjia_if3.yml --syntax-check

playbook: jinjia_if3.yml
#执行playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook jinjia_if3.yml 

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test if] *****************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
#测试：
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# cat /opt/test3 
50 = 50

jinja2 循环–为远程主机生成hosts文件

#编辑jinja2文件
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim template/hosts.j2 
{% for host in groups['all']%}
{{ hostvars[host].ansible_facts.default_ipv4.address}}  {{ hostvars[host].ansible_facts.fqdn}} {{ hostvars[host].ansible_facts.hostname}}
{% endfor %}

#编辑playbook文件
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# vim hosts.yml
---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: create hosts file
      template:
        src: template/hosts.j2
        dest: /opt/hosts

#检测语法
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook hosts.yml --syntax-check

playbook: hosts.yml

#执行playbook
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible-playbook hosts.yml 

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node03]
ok: [node02]
ok: [node01]
ok: [node04]

TASK [create hosts file] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [node03]
changed: [node04]
changed: [node01]
changed: [node02]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node02                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node03                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node04                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

#测试
[root@Ansible-Server ansible]# ansible all -m shell -a 'more /opt/hosts'
node04 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4  node01 node01
192.168.5.5  node02 node02
192.168.5.6  node03 node03
192.168.5.7  node04 node04
node02 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4  node01 node01
192.168.5.5  node02 node02
192.168.5.6  node03 node03
192.168.5.7  node04 node04
node01 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4  node01 node01
192.168.5.5  node02 node02
192.168.5.6  node03 node03
192.168.5.7  node04 node04
node03 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.5.4  node01 node01
192.168.5.5  node02 node02
192.168.5.6  node03 node03
192.168.5.7  node04 node04

三、ignore_errors条件判断

[root@master ~]# cat ignore1.yml
---
- hosts: all
vars:
user_name: tom
tasks:
- name: test user
shell: id {{ user_name }}
register: userinfo
ignore_errors: yes
- name: create user
user:
name: "{{ user_name }}"
state: present
when: userinfo.rc != 0

四、changed_when条件判断

1、changed_when关键词的作用是在条件成立时，将任务状态改为changed。
[root@master ~]# cat changed_when1.yml
-
- hosts: localhost
tasks:
- debug:
msg: "test message"
changed_when: 2 > 1
2、当changed_when状态被设置为false时，不管原任务状态为啥，最终都会被设置为ok状态
[root@master ~]# cat changed_when2.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
tasks:
- debug:
msg: "test message"
changed_when: False

五、force_handlers强制执行处理程序

给dev组部署 Apache-http 服务

#编辑playbook文件
[root@ansible-server ansible]# vim force_handers.yml 
---
- hosts: dev
  force_handlers: yes
  tasks:

    - name: install httpd
      yum:
        name: httpd
        state: present

    - name: index.html
      copy:
        content: "web test page.\n"
        dest: /var/www/html/index.html

    - name: set service port 8888
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
        regexp: "^Listen"
        line: "Listen 8888"
      notify: restart httpd

    - name: set selinux for httpd
      seport:
        ports: 8888
        proto: tcp
        setype: http_port_t
        state: present

    - name: firewall
      firewalld:
        port: 8888/tcp
        permanent: yes
        state: enabled
        immediate: yes

    - name: test
      shell: /bin/false

    - name: start httpd
      service:
        name: httpd
        enable: yes
        state: started

  handlers:
    - name: restart httpd
      service:
        name: httpd
        state: restarted

#检查语法
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook force_handers.yml --syntax-check

playbook: force_handers.yml

#执行playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook force_handers.yml 

PLAY [dev] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [install httpd] ***********************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [index.html] **************************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [set service port 8888] ***************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [set selinux for httpd] ***************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [firewall] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [test] ********************************************************************************************************
fatal: [node01]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "/bin/false", "delta": "0:00:00.003446", "end": "2020-10-17 11:59:25.734063", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 1, "start": "2020-10-17 11:59:25.730617", "stderr": "", "stderr_lines": [], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}

RUNNING HANDLER [restart httpd] ************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=7    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

#测试：
[root@ansible-server ansible]# curl http://node01:8888
web test page.

六、failed_when条件判断

指定任务失败，执行失败，则输出结果

#编辑playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# vim failed_when1.yml 
---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: 1.test sdb is exist
      shell: ls /dev/sdb
      register: msg
      ignore_errors: yes

    - name: 2.if sdb is not exist output error msg
      debug:
        msg: "sdb is not exist"
      when: msg is failed
      failed_when: msg is failed

#检查语法
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook failed_when1.yml --syntax-check

playbook: failed_when1.yml

#执行playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook failed_when1.yml 

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node04]
ok: [node02]
ok: [node03]
ok: [node01]

TASK [1.test sdb is exist] *****************************************************************************************
fatal: [node02]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "ls /dev/sdb", "delta": "0:00:00.005611", "end": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.479618", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 2, "start": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.474007", "stderr": "ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory", "stderr_lines": ["ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring
fatal: [node03]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "ls /dev/sdb", "delta": "0:00:00.005764", "end": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.479016", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 2, "start": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.473252", "stderr": "ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory", "stderr_lines": ["ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring
fatal: [node01]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "ls /dev/sdb", "delta": "0:00:00.007071", "end": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.495881", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 2, "start": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.488810", "stderr": "ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory", "stderr_lines": ["ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring
fatal: [node04]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "ls /dev/sdb", "delta": "0:00:00.006007", "end": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.484816", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 2, "start": "2020-10-17 14:59:28.478809", "stderr": "ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory", "stderr_lines": ["ls: cannot access '/dev/sdb': No such file or directory"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring

TASK [2.if sdb is not exist output error msg] **********************************************************************
fatal: [node01]: FAILED! => {
    "msg": "sdb is not exist"
}
fatal: [node02]: FAILED! => {
    "msg": "sdb is not exist"
}
fatal: [node03]: FAILED! => {
    "msg": "sdb is not exist"
}
fatal: [node04]: FAILED! => {
    "msg": "sdb is not exist"
}

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1   
node02                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1   
node03                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1   
node04                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1

七、force_handlers强制执行处理程序

#编辑playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# vim test_rescue.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: test rescure
      block:
        - name: test file
          shell: ls /etc/ooo

      rescue:
        - name: debug
          debug:
            msg: /etc/ooo  is not exist

      always:
        - name: debug
          debug:
            msg: always do it

#检查语法
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook test_rescue.yml --syntax-check

playbook: test_rescue.yml

#执行playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook test_rescue.yml 

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test file] ***************************************************************************************************
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "ls /etc/ooo", "delta": "0:00:00.003440", "end": "2020-10-17 16:00:33.988332", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 2, "start": "2020-10-17 16:00:33.984892", "stderr": "ls: cannot access '/etc/ooo': No such file or directory", "stderr_lines": ["ls: cannot access '/etc/ooo': No such file or directory"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}

TASK [debug] *******************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "msg": "/etc/ooo  is not exist"
}

TASK [debug] *******************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "msg": "always do it"
}

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=1    ignored=0 

修改后，再次执行

#编辑playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# vim test_rescue.yml
---
- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: test rescure
      block:
        - name: test file
          shell: ls /etc/hosts

      rescue:
        - name: debug
          debug:
            msg: /etc/ooo  is not exist

      always:
        - name: debug
          debug:
            msg: always do it

#执行playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook test_rescue.yml 

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [test file] ***************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

TASK [debug] *******************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "msg": "always do it"
}

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

八、Ansible blocks

见下面实战演练 章节涉及

---

实战演练

示例 一
编写剧本partition.yml，创建一个分区，需求如下:
事先添加一块5G硬盘。
1> 在vdb(或sdb，根据自己机器环境)中,创建一个主分区,编号是1,大小1000MiB
2> 如果设备vdb不存在，则错误消息磁盘不存在应该显示
3> 格式化成xfs文件系统,挂在到/newpart
4> 如果无法创建请求的分区大小，则应使用错误消息“无法创建该大小的分区”,而应该使用大小为500Mib的创建

#编辑playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# vim partition.yml
---
- hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: 1.test sdb is exist
      shell: lsblk /dev/sdb
      ignore_errors: yes
      register: info

    - name: 2.sdb is not exist output info
      debug:
        msg: /dev/sdb is not exist
      when: info.rc != 0

    - name: 3.create Partition
      block:
        - name: 3.1 create Partition of 1000MiB
          parted:
            device: /dev/sdb
            number: 1
            state: present
            part_end: 1000MiB

      rescue:
        - name: 3.2 show info
          debug:
            msg: not to create Partition

        - name: 3.3 create Partition of 500MiB
          parted:
            device: /dev/sdb
            number: 1
            state: present
            part_end: 500MiB

    - name: 4.Format the file system
      filesystem:
        fstype: xfs
        dev: /dev/sdb1

    - name: 5.create mount files
      file:
        path: /newpart
        state: directory

    - name: 6.mount
      mount:
        src: /dev/sdb1
        path: /newpart
        fstype: xfs
        state: mounted

#检查语法
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook partition.yml --syntax-check

playbook: partition.yml

#执行playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook partition.yml 

PLAY [dev] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [1.test sdb is exist] *****************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [2.sdb is not exist output info] ******************************************************************************
skipping: [node01]

TASK [3.1 create Partition of 1000MiB] *****************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [4.Format the file system] ************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [5.create mount files] ****************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [6.mount] *****************************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=6    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0 

#检测
[root@node01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             379M     0  379M   0% /dev
tmpfs                396M     0  396M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                396M  5.7M  391M   2% /run
tmpfs                396M     0  396M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root   17G  1.8G   16G  11% /
/dev/sda1            976M  130M  780M  15% /boot
tmpfs                 80M     0   80M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1            993M   40M  954M   4% /newpart
[root@node01 ~]# more /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Sep 13 06:41:19 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=3d37cd64-cfc3-4e9f-bd44-6512b3632a17 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1 /newpart xfs defaults 0 0

示例 二
编写剧本lv.yml，需求如下：
1> 将上题中硬盘剩余空间创建一个2G主分区
2> 创建一个逻辑卷大小1500MiB,从research卷组中来
3> 如果research这个卷组不存在,则输出错误消息:不存在，然后创建卷组research(从第一步创建的分区中）
4> 如果这个逻辑卷的大小不能够创建,则输出错误信息
Could not create logical volume of that size
并使用800MiB大小来创建逻辑卷
5> 使用xfs格式化这个逻辑卷
6> 实现开机自动挂载到/data目录下,只有主机是dev才可以

#编辑playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# vim lv.yml
---
- hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: 1.create 2G Primary partition
      parted:
        device: /dev/sdb
        number: 2
        state: present
        part_start: 1GiB
        part_end: 3GiB

    - name: 2.test Primary partition research is exist
      block:
        - name: test Primary partition research is exist
          shell: vgs research

      rescue:
        - name: 3.1 output error info
          debug:
            msg: research is not exist

        - name: 3.2 create vg
          lvg:
            vg: research
            pvs: /dev/sdb2
    - name: 4.create lvx
      block:
        - name: 4.1 create 1500 MiB
          lvol:
            vg: research
            lv: lvx
            size: 1500

      rescue:
        - name: 4.2 not enough space
          debug:
            msg: Could not create logical volume of that size

        - name: 4.3 create 800 MiB lvx
          lvol:
            vg: reseach
            lv: lvx
            size: 800

    - name: 5. xfs format
      filesystem:
        fstype: xfs
        dev: /dev/research/lvx

    - name: 6.create mount file
      file:
        path: /date
        state: directory

    - name: 7.mount
      mount:
        src:  /dev/research/lvx
        path: /date
        fstype: xfs
        state: mounted
 
 #检查语法
 [root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook lv.yml --syntax-check

playbook: lv.yml  

#执行playbook
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook lv.yml --syntax-check

playbook: lv.yml
[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook lv.yml 

PLAY [dev] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [1.create 2G Primary partition] *******************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [test Primary partition research is exist] ********************************************************************
fatal: [node01]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "vgs research", "delta": "0:00:00.021587", "end": "2020-10-17 18:26:30.417403", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 5, "start": "2020-10-17 18:26:30.395816", "stderr": "  Volume group \"research\" not found.\n  Cannot process volume group research", "stderr_lines": ["  Volume group \"research\" not found.", "  Cannot process volume group research"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}

TASK [3.1 output error info] ***************************************************************************************
ok: [node01] => {
    "msg": "research is not exist"
}

TASK [3.2 create vg] ***********************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [4.1 create 1500 MiB] *****************************************************************************************
[WARNING]: The value 1500 (type int) in a string field was converted to '1500' (type string). If this does not look
like what you expect, quote the entire value to ensure it does not change.
changed: [node01]

TASK [5. xfs format] ***********************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

TASK [6.create mount file] *****************************************************************************************
ok: [node01]

TASK [7.mount] *****************************************************************************************************
changed: [node01]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
node01                     : ok=8    changed=5    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=1    ignored=0      

#测试：
[root@node01 ~]# lvs
  LV   VG       Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root cl       -wi-ao---- <17.00g                                                    
  swap cl       -wi-ao----   2.00g                                                    
  lvx  research -wi-ao----   1.46g                                                    
[root@node01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem                Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                  379M     0  379M   0% /dev
tmpfs                     396M     0  396M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     396M  5.7M  391M   2% /run
tmpfs                     396M     0  396M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root        17G  1.8G   16G  11% /
/dev/sda1                 976M  130M  780M  15% /boot
tmpfs                      80M     0   80M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1                 993M   40M  954M   4% /newpart
/dev/mapper/research-lvx  1.5G   43M  1.5G   3% /date
[root@node01 ~]# more /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Sep 13 06:41:19 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=3d37cd64-cfc3-4e9f-bd44-6512b3632a17 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1 /newpart xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/research/lvx /date xfs defaults 0 0